...Detlef Schuppan; Victor Zevallos While the central role of an adaptive, T cell-mediated immune response to certain gluten peptides in celiac disease is well established, the innate immune response to wheat proteins remains less well defined. We identified wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATIs...

..., quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Defensin Microbiota Paneth cells Innate immunity Current data...

...Thomas Klag; Eduard F. Stange; Jan Wehkamp The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is very complex, including a variety of genetic and environmental contributing factors. In this context, over the past few years, a picture of IBD as a primary defect of the innate immune system rather...

... to in the content or advertisements. Innate immunity Hepatitis C NK cells HCV The hepatitis C virus (HCV) was first described in 1989 [ 1 ]. HCV infection causes hepatitis C, an inflammatory liver disease with a high rate of chronicity which can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma...

...Miles Parkes The early identification of NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2) as a susceptibility gene for Crohn’s disease first catalysed major interest in the role of innate immunity in IBD. This interest has been substantiated by genome-wide association studies...

... surrounding parenchymal cells [ 16 ]. Inflammation Innate immunity Hepatocellular cancer Carcinogenesis Cytokine Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus NF-ĸB Cirrhosis Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) represents an increasingly common complication of chronic hepatitis caused by hepatitis B...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Crohn’s disease Genetics Innate immunity Pattern recognition...

.... Gut microbiota Innate immunity Adaptive immunity Colorectal cancer Probiotics In 1863, Rudolf Virchow indicated that cancer may be considered the result of a chronic inflammatory process triggered by an adverse toxic environment such as infection. Indeed, infections may induce a chronic...

... from immune tolerance to immune clearance are hardly understood. The innate immune response, early adaptive B and T cell responses, regulatory T cells, the liver microenvironment, and the peculiar properties of hepatocytes and nonparenchymal liver cells to present antigen seem to play a role...

...Mark G. Swain Natural killer T (NKT) cells are distinct innate immune T cells which play a key role in the pathogenesis of various immune-mediated liver diseases. NKT cells are traditionally defined as cells that co-express the T cell receptor (TCR) and certain natural killer cell surface markers...

... host that initially derives from innate immune abnormalities leading to an excessive proinflammatory cytokine derived from CD4+ T cells (T-helper 1, T-helper 2, and T-helper 17 cytokines) over and above the response that is normally associated with tolerance and immunoregulation derived from T...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Autophagy Innate immunity Crohn’s disease National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 Pathophysiology of IBD and Age of Onset Dig Dis 2009;27:246 251 DOI: 10.1159/000228557 Links between Autophagy, Innate...