We evaluated the bone-forming potential of a mixture of atelocollagen and bone marrow aspirate concentrate which was transplanted into bone defects. Radial shaft defects of about 10 mm in size were created in 30 New Zealand white rabbits. Ten rabbits in the control group were not treated further, 10 rabbits in the first experimental group (E1) received an atelocollagen injection, and 10 rabbits in the second experimental group (E2) received an injection of a mixture of atelocollagen and bone marrow aspirate concentrate. The groups were compared radiologically at 8 weeks. Osteogenesis in group E2 progressed more rapidly than that in the other groups, and osteogenesis in group E1 progressed faster than that in the control group. Thus, the administration of a mixture of atelocollagen and bone marrow aspirate concentrate in bone defects was found to enhance bone defect healing.

Keywords:
Atelocollagen, Osteogenesis, Bone marrow aspirate concentrate, Bone defect, Delayed union
1.
Bos, G.D., V.M. Goldberg, A.E. Powell, K.G. Heiple, J.M. Zika (1983) The effect of histocompatibility matching on canine frozen bone allografts. J Bone Joint Surg Am 65: 89-96.
2.
Braly, H.L., D.P. O'Connor, M.R. Brinker (2013) Percutaneous autologous bone marrow injection in the treatment of distal meta-diaphyseal tibial nonunions and delayed unions. J Orthop Trauma 27: 527-533.
3.
Chahla, J., C.S. Dean, G. Moatshe, C. Pascual-Garrido, R. Serra Cruz, R.F. LaPrade (2016) Concentrated bone marrow aspirate for the treatment of chondral injuries and osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review of outcomes. Orthop J Sports Med 4: 2325967115625481.
4.
Chaipinyo, K., B.W. Oakes, M.P.I. Van Damme (2004) The use of debrided human articular cartilage for autologous chondrocyte implantation: maintenance of chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation in type I collagen gels. J Orthop Res 22: 446-455.
5.
Cheng, S.L., J.W. Yang, L. Rifas, S.F. Zhang, L.V. Avioli (1994) Differentiation of human bone marrow osteogenic stromal cells in vitro: induction of the osteoblast phenotype by dexamethasone. Endocrinology 134: 277-286.
6.
Donaldson, L.J., A. Cook, R.G. Thomson (1990) Incidence of fractures in a geographically defined population. J Epidemiol Community Health 44: 241-245.
7.
Donaldson, L.J., I.P. Reckless, S. Scholes, J.S. Mindell, N.J. Shelton (2008) The epidemiology of fractures in England. J Epidemiol Community Health 62: 174-180.
8.
Gomez-Barrena, E., P. Rosset, I. Muller, R. Giordano, C. Bunu, P. Layrolle, Y.T. Konttinen, F.P. Luyten (2011) Bone regeneration: stem cell therapies and clinical studies in orthopaedics and traumatology. J Cell Mol Med 15: 1266-1286.
9.
Guimaraes, J.A., M.E. Duarte, M.B. Fernandes, V.F. Vianna, T.H. Rocha, D.C. Bonfim, P.L. Casado, I.C. do Val Guimaraes, L.G. Velarde, H.S. Dutra, P.V. Giannoudis (2014) The effect of autologous concentrated bone-marrow grafting on the healing of femoral shaft non-unions after locked intramedullary nailing. Injury 45: S7-S13.
10.
Hanai, K., T. Kojima, M. Ota, J. Onodera, N. Sawada (2012) Effects of atelocollagen formulation containing oligonucleotide on endothelial permeability. J Drug Deliv 2012: 245835.
11.
Hernigou, P., A. Poignard, F. Beaujean, H. Rouard (2005) Percutaneous autologous bone-marrow grafting for nonunions: influence of the number and concentration of progenitor cells. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87: 1430-1437.
12.
Hernigou, P., M. Trousselier, F. Roubineau, C. Bouthors, N. Chevallier, H. Rouard, C.H. Flouzat-Lachaniette (2016) Local transplantation of bone marrow concentrated granulocytes precursors can cure without antibiotics infected nonunion of polytraumatic patients in absence of bone defect. Int Orthop 40: 2331-2338.
13.
Herold, G.H., A. Hurvitz, A. Tadmor (1971) The effect of growth hormone on the healing of experimental bone defects. Acta Orthop Scand 42: 377-384.
14.
Herscovici, D., W.M. Ricci, P. McAndrews, T. DiPasquale, R. Sanders (2000) Treatment of femoral shaft fracture using unreamed interlocked nails. J Orthop Trauma 14: 10-14.
15.
Jeong, I.H., A.A. Shetty, S.J. Kim, J.D. Jang, Y.J. Kim, Y.G. Chung, N.Y. Choi, C.H. Liu (2013) Autologous collagen-induced chondrogenesis using fibrin and atelocollagen mixture. Cells Tissues Organs 198: 278-288.
16.
Kagawa, R., M. Kishino, S. Sato, K. Ishida, Y. Ogawa, K. Ikebe, K. Oya, T. Ishimoto, T. Nakano, Y. Maeda, T. Komori, S. Toyosawa (2012) Chronological histological changes during bone regeneration on a non-crosslinked atelocollagen matrix. J Bone Miner Metab 30: 638-650.
17.
Kim, J., H. Cho, K. Young, J. Park, J. Lee, D. Suh (2015) In vivo animal study and clinical outcomes of autologous atelocollagen-induced chondrogenesis for osteochondral lesion treatment. J Orthop Surg Res 10: 82.
18.
Kim, S.J., J.D. Jang, S.K. Lee (2007) Treatment of long tubular bone defect of rabbit using autologous cultured osteoblasts mixed with fibrin. Cytotechnology 54: 115-120.
19.
Kim, S.J., Y.W. Shin, K.H. Yang, S.B. Kim, M.J. Yoo, S.K. Han, S.A. Im, Y.D. Won, Y.B. Sung, T.S. Jeon, C.H. Chang, J.D. Jang, S.B. Lee, H.C. Kim, S.Y. Lee (2009) A multi-center, randomized, clinical study to compare the effect and safety of autologous cultured osteoblast (Ossron™) injection to treat fractures. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 10: 20.
20.
Le Nail, L.R., J. Stanovici, J. Fournier, M. Splingard, J. Domenech, P. Rosset (2014) Percutaneous grafting with bone marrow autologous concentrate for open tibia fractures: analysis of forty three cases and literature review. Int Orthop 38: 1845-1853.
21.
Liebergall, M., J. Schroeder, R. Mosheiff, Z. Gazit, Z. Yoram, L. Rasooly, A. Daskal, A. Khoury, Y. Weil, S. Beyth (2013) Stem cell-based therapy for prevention of delayed fracture union: a randomized and prospective preliminary study. Mol Ther 21: 1631-1638.
22.
Lovati, A.B., S. Lopa, C. Recordati, G. Talo, C. Turrisi, M. Bottagisio, M. Losa, E. Scanziani, M. Moretti (2016) In vivo bone formation within engineered hydroxyapatite scaffolds in a sheep model. Calcif Tissue Int 99: 209-223.
23.
Mimura, T., S. Imai, M. Kubo, E. Isoya, K. Ando, N. Okumura, Y. Matsusue (2008) A novel exogenous concentration-gradient collagen scaffold augments full-thickness articular cartilage repair. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 16: 1083-1091.
24.
Salinas, A.J., P. Esbrit, M. Vallet-Regi (2013) A tissue engineering approach based on the use of bioceramics for bone repair. Biomater Sci 1: 40-51.
25.
Sen, M.K., T. Miclau (2007) Autologous iliac crest bone graft: should it still be the gold standard for treating nonunions? Injury 38: S75-S80.
26.
Sugaya, H., H. Mishima, K. Aoto, M. Li, Y. Shimizu, T. Yoshioka, S. Sakai, H. Akaogi, N. Ochiai, M. Yamazaki (2014) Percutaneous autologous concentrated bone marrow grafting in the treatment for nonunion. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 24: 671-678.
27.
Timashev, P., D. Kuznetsova, A. Koroleva, N. Prodanets, A. Deiwick, Y. Piskun, K. Bardakova, N. Dzhoyashvili, S. Kostjuk, E. Zagaynova, Y. Rochev, B. Chichkov, V. Bagratashvili (2016) Novel biodegradable star-shaped polylactide scaffolds for bone regeneration fabricated by two-photon polymerization. Nanomedicine (London) 11: 1041-1053.
28.
Vashishth, D., G. Gibson, J. Kimura, M.B. Schaffler, D.P. Fyhrie (2002) Determination of bone volume by osteocyte population. Anat Rec 267: 292-295.
29.
Volpi, P., C. Bait, A. Quaglia, A. Redaelli, E. Prospero, M. Cervellin, D. Stanco, L. de Girolamo (2014) Autologous collagen-induced chondrogenesis technique (ACIC) for the treatment of chondral lesions of the talus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 22: 1320-1326.
30.
Yamaoka, H., Y. Tanaka, S. Nishizawa, Y. Asawa, T. Takato, K. Hoshi (2010) The application of atelocollagen gel in combination with porous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering and its suitable conditions. J Biomed Mater Res A 93: 123-132.
31.
Ye, J., J. Wang, Y. Zhu, Q. Wei, X. Wang, J. Yang, S. Tang, H. Liu, J. Fan, F. Zhang, E.M. Farina, M.K. Mohammed, Y. Zou, D. Song, J. Liao, J. Huang, D. Guo, M. Lu, F. Liu, J. Liu, L. Li, C. Ma, X. Hu, R.C. Haydon, M.J. Lee, R.R. Reid, G.A. Ameer, L. Yang, T.C. He (2016) A thermoresponsive polydiolcitrate-gelatin scaffold and delivery system mediates effective bone formation from BMP9-transduced mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Mater 11: 025021.
© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
2017
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.