... of mitral regurgitation (MR). Summary: Patients with FMV/MVP and trivial to mild MR may have exercise intolerance, orthostatic phenomena, syncope/presyncope, chest pain, and ventricular arrhythmias, among others. Several anatomical and pathophysiologic consequences related to the abnormal mitral valve...

.... The pathophysiology of CHD is related to vasoactive substances secreted by the tumor, of which serotonin is most prominent in the pathophysiology of CHD. Serotonin stimulates fibroblast growth and fibrogenesis, which can lead to cardiac valvular fibrosis. CHD primarily affects right heart valves, causing tricuspid...

... factors of the Russian National Society of Arrhythmology. Objective: The aim of this review article is to discuss clues to the pathophysiology of SCD in OSA subjects. Methods: We searched the literature for data reporting the impact of apnea on arrhythmogenesis. The preferred languages were English...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Valvular heart disease Lipids Pathophysiology Atherosclerosis Experimental models As the global population ages, due to advances in medical therapies, calcific...

... awareness among clinicians. However, understanding the disease, its pathophysiology, its clinical presentation, and the possible therapeutic options is vital in the management of these patients. Here, we present 2 cases of platypnea- orthodeoxia where oxygen saturations worsened with hemodialysis. After...

.... Methods: Peripheral venous blood was acquired from family members, and TNNI3 mutations were identified by DNA sequencing. The pathophysiology of TNNI3 mutations was investigated using bioinformatics, subcellular localization determination and Western blotting. Results: Sanger sequencing revealed...

... factors Diabetes mellitus Heart rate Heart rate variability Pathophysiology Many studies have shown a significant association between heart rate (HR) and cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality in the general population and individuals with various diseases [ 1,2,3 ]. Described by simple...

...Dimitrios C. Angouras The pathophysiology of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAAs) is far from being fully understood. What is clear, however, is its substantial divergence from the pathophysiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms. A different embryologic origin most likely underlies...

...(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Right ventricle Physiology Pathophysiology Heart failure The RV has a more complex shape than the LV, appearing...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Pericarditis Noncardiac contiguous disorders Pericardium Pathophysiology Any active disorder abutting or penetrating the pericardium is likely to provoke pericardial disease. Thus, any process spread by contiguity...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Pericardium Pathophysiology Pericarditis Noncardiac contiguous disorders The structures abutting the pericardium are usually good, or at least quiet, neighbors. However, disease in any of them can invade the pericardium...

... conditions of cardiac cachexia. A review of the available literature is provided. Further research is required to explain the pathophysiological meaning of the abnormal laboratory findings. 11 05 2011 14 7 2011 © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel 2011 Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer...

... to in the content or advertisements. 2011 Coronary circulation Collateral circulation Pathophysiology The protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. As the authors of the manuscript we certify that we complied with the Principles of Ethical Publishing in the International Journal...

...Andrew Coats Our options for the medical management of heart failure are aimed at preventing the development of the condition, relieving symptoms, modifying the underlying pathophysiology, and delaying or preventing disease progression. The principal symptoms of heart failure are edema, dyspnea...

...H. Just; H. Drexler; G. Hasenfuss Pharmacotherapy of heart failure is likely to be most efficacious when individually tailored to the prevailing pathophysiological derangements. Their diagnostic definition and understanding of the mechanisms involved affords the greatest opportunity...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Myocardial infarction Pathophysiology Atherosclerosis Ischemia...

... velocity measurements for the assessment of collateral flow [ 16 ]. Coronary circulation Collateral circulation Exercise Coronary artery disease Pathophysiology The existence of human coronary collateral vessels [ 1 ]and their benefit against cardiac events has been recognized for many...

...Jens J. Kaden; Carl-Erik Dempfle; Tim Sueselbeck; Martina Brueckmann; Tudor C. Poerner; Dariusch Haghi; Karl K. Haase; Martin Borggrefe Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 are believed to play a pathophysiologic role in acute myocardial infarction (MI). The time course of their plasma...

... Pathophysiology Epidemiology Cardiovascular disease After birth, the nature of growth changes; it depends on the development and enlargement of existing cells rather than the addition of new ones. Infant growth, expressed in this study by the weight gain between birth and the polysomnographic study...

.... Coronary angioplasty Vasculature Pathophysiology Angioplasty Restenosis Adhesion molecules Restenosis is still a significant complication after conoray angioplasty. Although the underlying mechanism is not understood, it has been hypothesized that restenosis is a unique vascular expression...