...Shuling Song; Jin Tan; Yuyang Miao; Zuoming Sun; Qiang Zhang Background/Aims: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) causes apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells, but the potential mechanisms remain unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and apoptosis are interlocked in an extensive crosstalk. Thus...

... of 60°C for 30 min. The bacteria suspension was stored in ultra-low temperature freezer. Fig. 1. Three main signaling pathways of ER stress. ER stress consists of three main signaling pathways, including PERK, ATF6, and IRE1α. PERK is a transmembranous protein, and it can influence protein...

..., which induce ER stress [ 14 ]. Recent studies have indicated that prolonged activation of PERK signaling promotes cellular apoptosis while activation of ATF6 and IRE1α promote cellular survival under ER stress conditions [ 15, 16 ]. Downregulation of ER stress might be able to reduce neuronal apoptosis...

... a Syngene G Box digital imager (Frederick, MD) and results were quantified by densitometry as previously described [ 21 ]. Andrographolide (AGP) RASSF1A PTEN ER stress Angiogenesis Colon Cancer Initiation of cancer progression is due to an imbalance of activation of cellular oncogenes...

..., loss of MMP, ER stress induction, and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The metformin/FTY720 regimen markedly induced ROS generation; moreover, apoptosis, ER stress and inhibition of PI3K/AKT/ mTOR were attenuated by the ROS scavenger NAC. Conclusions: Exposure to metformin...

...Ayako Tanimura; Keiko Miyoshi; Taigo Horiguchi; Hiroko Hagita; Koichi Fujisawa; Takafumi Noma Background/Aims: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) are involved in hematopoietic differentiation. However, the mechanistic linkage between ER stress/UPR...

.... Alzheimer Disease Aβ Bajijiasu ER Stress [email protected] 21 09 2017 20 02 2018 20 3 2018 Alzheimer disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is defined by slowly progressing cognitive impairment and memory loss [ 1 ]. At the neuropathological...

...Jie Lei; Lei Zhao; Yujing Zhang; Yanfeng Wu; Yanbo Liu Background/Aims: The mechanisms by which high glucose (HG) results in podocyte damage remains unclear. We investigated the potential role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mTOR signaling in HG injured podocyte. Methods: In cultured mouse...

... with structurally modified SIO (CSIO, 5 µM) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in lung cancer cell line A549. The mitochondrial pathway, death receptor pathway and ER stress induced apoptosis were stimulated upon CSIO treatment. The administration with respective inhibitors including...

... and induces apoptosis in DU145 and PC-3 cells. In addition, by increasing intracellular ROS levels, PLB induced a lethal endoplasmic reticulum stress response in PCa cells. Importantly, blockage of ROS production significantly reversed PLB-induced ER stress activation and cell apoptosis. In vivo , we found...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. MicroRNA-30a-5p Renal cell carcinoma GRP78 ER stress Renal...

... maintained morphological and physiological characteristic after 3 passages. CSE increased the expression of ER specific pro-apoptosis factors CHOP and caspase 12, and the phosphorylation of JNK in AECII. CSE activated ER stress signaling and increased the phosphorylation of PERK, eIF2α and IRE1. Furthermore...

... were determined by flow cytometry. Protein expression was detected by western blotting. Results: The results showed that LA inhibited viability and caused apoptosis of both wild-type and p53-/- HCT116 cells. LA was able to trigger production of ROS and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Inhibition...

..., lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry and western blot analysis in vitro , and also examined in a U87 xenograft model in vivo . The potential underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated by measuring mitochondrial function and ER stress. Results: We found that 4EGI-1...

... therapeutic strategies for HS. Previous reports demonstrated that FK506 could attenuate scar formation in vivo and FK506 could also induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). However, the effects of FK506 on ER stress-mediated apoptosis in fibroblasts remain unclear. Methods: Rat skin fibroblasts were...

... shown to modulate several signaling pathways, apoptosis is considered as the primary mode of cell death in human and mouse models [ 8 ]. Nox2 Rac1 NOD mice Pancreatic islet ER stress Diabetes © 2016 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel 2016 Open Access License / Drug...

... EDA + FN (FN containing EDA domain) and EDA - FN (FN devoid of EDA domain). FN isforms could trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, thereby leading to lipid accumulation in cultured Raw264.7 cells. FN isforms-induced gene expression and lipid accumulation were inhibited by a chemical chaperone 4...

...Hailong Hu; Li Li; Changlin Wang; Hongjuan He; Ke Mao; Xiao Ma; Ruoyu Shi; Yuri Oh; FengWei Zhang; Ying Lu; Qiong Wu; Ning Gu Background: The chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) has been shown to relieve endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Therefore, it improves insulin sensitivity...

... reticulum (ER) stress induces foam cells apoptosis and generates inflammatory reactions. Methods: THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells (FC) were incubated with 1 mM 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). After ALA mediated sonodynamic therapy (ALA-SDT), apoptosis of FC was assayed by Annexin V-PI staining...

... of LC3 and p62. High glucose-induced autophagy is independent of mTOR signaling, but is mainly regulated via ROS-mediated ER stress signaling. Conclusion: In the scenario of high glucose-induced oxidative stress, autophagy may be required for the removal of damaged proteins, and provide a default...