... provoked feedback autophagy activation. Conversely, autophagy inhibitors (3-methyladenine and chloroquine) or Beclin-1 shRNA sensitized CZ415-induced HNSCC cell death. In vivo , CZ415 gavage inhibited SCC-9 tumor growth in nude mice, showing higher efficiency against Beclin-1-silenced tumors. Conclusion...

... in the harsh environment plays an important role in chemoresistance. However, the role of Beclin-1, a key regulator of autophagy in the drug-resistance of SCLC cells is still poorly understood. In the current study, we focused on the effect and regulation of Beclin-1 in chemoresistance of SCLC cells. Methods...

...-defined. In the current study, we addressed these questions. Methods: We analyzed the effects of oxidative stress on the cell viability of PL cells in vitro , using a CCK-8 assay. We analyzed the effects of oxidative stress on the apoptosis and autophagy of PL cells. We analyzed the levels of Beclin-1...

... and then analyzed for autophagy-associated factors LC3 and Beclin-1 by Western blot. Beclin-1 mRNA was determined by RT-qPCR. In vitro , we performed bioinformatics analyses to identify the MSCs-regulated miRNAs that target Beclin-1, and confirmed that the binding was functional by 3'-UTR luciferase reporter assay...