...Shuling Song; Jin Tan; Yuyang Miao; Zuoming Sun; Qiang Zhang Background/Aims: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) causes apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells, but the potential mechanisms remain unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and apoptosis are interlocked in an extensive crosstalk. Thus...

...Qi Liang; Yuanyuan Xiao; Kaihua Liu; Caigao Zhong; Ming Zeng; Fang Xiao Background/Aims: Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] pollution has become a global concern for both ecosystems and human health. Our previous study revealed Cr(VI) could induce both apoptosis and autophagy in L-02 hepatocytes. Here...

...-inflammatory factors were assessed using real-time PCR. The renal apoptotic pathway was evaluated with TUNEL staining and western blot. Mitochondrial dysfunction (MtD) was determined using real-time PCR and electron microscopy. The activation of autophagy was detected using western blot. Results: In the Ang II...

... molecular signalling mechanisms in vitro and in vivo Methods: Cell viability and proliferation were detected with MTT and colony formation assays. Morphological changes associated with autophagy were assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cell cycle rate was measured by flow cytometry...

... to inhibit the process of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of methyl helicterate (MH) isolated from Helicteres angustifolia on the activation of HSCs. Methods: HSC-T6 cells were treated with various concentration of MH and autophagy was inhibited by 3-Methyl adenine (3...

... and have been shown to participate in a new avenue of cell death-autophagy, which can play a significant role in several types of heart disease. Methods: MicroRNAome analysis showed that the expression of miR-2954 was increased in the myocardium of selenium-deficient chickens, and PI3K was predicted...

... ERK to destroy microtubules and inhibit cell growth in lung cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear, and it is unknown whether SFN-NAC can inhibit the growth of glioma. Here, we have demonstrated for the first time that SFN-NAC activates autophagy-mediated downregulation of α...

... not clearly determined how these events drive accelerated thrombosis. Here, we describe the mechanism by which ROS regulate autophagy during ox-LDL-induced platelet activation by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Methods: For in vitro experiments, ox-LDL, the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC...

... autophagy. Conclusion: Up-regulating Trx inhibited neurodegeneration induced by AGEs. The underlying mechanism may be related to inhibit Txnip/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy. [email protected] 26 05 2018 24 10 2018 1 11 2018 © 2018 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG...

.... Autophagy was assessed by western blot, adenoviral mRFP-GFP-LC3 transfection, and immunofluorescence. The effects of β-arrestin2 shRNA knockdown were studied by western blot and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot evaluated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Levels...

... a higher level of autophagy, implying that autophagy may play an important role in the development of VSD with HF. Conclusion: The protocol described here yields abundant myocardial cells and provides a solid platform for further investigation of the pathogenesis, pharmacotherapy, and gene therapy of VSD...

... had a protective effect on vascular function. However, it is unknown whether PGE1 inhibited the phenotype switching in VSMCs via autophagy, which played a protective role in the vascular complications of diabetes. Methods: The phenotype switching was induced by high glucose (HG, 25mM) in VSMCs...

... of IDD. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and is known to be induced by IL-1β. APO866 is an inhibitor of NAD biosynthesis and is involved in autophagy. LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3...

...Qinghai Chen; Shiliang Yu; Kuo Zhang; Zuobiao Zhang; Chao Li; Bingpeng Gao; Weihua Zhang; Yan Wang Background/Aims: The induction of excessive autophagy by increased levels of oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms underlying unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced vascular...

... acute myocardial infarction. Hypoxia and oxidative stress major roles in the pathophysiology of MVO. Pim1 serves an important protective role in the ischemic myocardium, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Autophagy in early hypoxia or during moderate oxidative stress has been...

..., the inhibition of HDACs in vivo resulted in improved cardiac remodeling and hence better ventricular function. MI was associated with increased LC3-II expression and the accumulation of autophagy adaptor protein p62, indicating impaired autophagic flux, which was reversed by TSA treatment. Cultured NRCFs...

.... Chondrocytes derived from normal or OA cartilage by enzymatic digestion were pretreated with Butein followed by stimulation with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the levels of IL-6 mRNA were quantified by TaqMan assay and the protein levels were measured by Western immunoblotting. Autophagy activation was determined...

... respectively or simultaneously without or with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Next, Caco-2 cells were treated with trichostatin A and etomoxir to identify whether SCFAs act as HDAC inhibitors or energy substances. To activate NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy, Caco-2 cells were treated with LPS+ATP and rapamycin...

...Yuan Gao; Weiwei Qi; Libin Sun; Jing Lv; Wensheng Qiu; Shihai Liu Background/Aims: Previous studies have shown that FOXO3, a member of the forkhead box O (FOXO) family, regulates autophagy in various cells. To date, whether the induction of autophagy in gastric cancer (GC) cells is triggered...

...Peifang Liu; Peijia Liu; Zhiyong Wang; Shaohong Fang; Yuting Liu; Jinhua Wang; Wenjuan Liu; Ning Wang; Lixia Chen; Jianjian Wang; Huixue Zhang; Lihua Wang Background/Aims: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a high-risk factor for vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Autophagy plays...