Twenty-eight pathogenic isolates, 4 each of Candida albicans, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Torulopsis glabrata and Trichosporon beigelii were tested for their in vitro sensitivity to amphotericin B (AmB), hamycin (HA) and their novel water-soluble compounds, namely JAI-AmB (oral and injectable; patents pending) and JAI-HA (Jaimycin Inc., Walnut Creek, Calif., USA), using a standard double-dilution broth (1 ml/tube) procedure. The 2 novel compounds, namely JAI-AmB and JAI-HA, contain one twenty-fifth (w/w) of the AmB and HA, respectively. Results showed that the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of AmB for all species, except C. lusitaniae and Tr. beigelii (3.125-6.25 μg/ml), were 0.195-1.56 μg/ml. The values of JAI-AmB (oral) for C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, Cr. neoformans and To. glabrata ranged from 0.78 to 25 μg/ml. The MICs of JAI-AmB (oral) for the other yeasts were 100 μg/ml. All of the yeasts yielded higher MICs (3.125-100 μg/ml) against JAI-AmB (injectable) than the JAI-AmB (oral) preparation. Except for C. parapsilosis (MICs 25-100 μg/ml), all of the other species showed greater sensitivity to the parent HA (0.195-100 μg/ml) than AmB. The values for JAI-HA ranged from 0.195 to 100 μg/ml for all isolates, except C. tropicalis (100 μg/ml). Based on our in vitro findings, in vivo efficacies of JAI-AmB and JAI-HA should be carried out.

Keywords:
In vitro activity, Amphotericin B, Hamycin, JAI-amphotericin B, JAI-hamycin, Pathogenic yeasts
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© 1992 S. Karger AG, Basel
1992
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