...; StStYYHH) with greater plant height and tiller number. Cytological analyses demonstrated that the hybrids were hexaploid with 42 chromosomes (2n = 6x = 42). At metaphase I, 12.10–12.58 bivalents and 13.81–14.18 univalents per cell were observed in the hybrid plants. Genomic in situ hybridization...

..., quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. 2020 Evolution Fertilization Genome Protein function Protein structure...

..., which can exist as episomal or integrated elements (endogenous). Most of integrated pararetroviruses are noninfectious; however, a few cases have been reported where they excised from the plant genome and formed infectious particles. Graft transmission onto indicator plants R. occidentali s “Munger” has...

...Cesar Martins; Vladimir Trifonov; Andreas Houben B chromosomes (Bs) are enigmatic accessory genomic elements extensively characterized in diverse eukaryotes. Since their discovery in the beginning of the 20th century, B chromosomes have been the subject of investigation in laboratories all around...

... intragenic mutations were structural variants, including 3 tandem duplications of 12-25 bp. However, the precise mutation spectrum and the genomic basis of GNAS structural variants remain to be clarified. Here, we report a de novo 50-bp tandem duplication in GNAS (c.723_772dup50, p.Glu259Leufs*29) identified...

... end-joining. However, the genomic bases of other microdeletions within the Xp22.31 region remain to be elucidated. Here, we identified a 2,735,696-bp deletion encompassing STS and ANOS1 in a boy with X-linked ichthyosis and Kallmann syndrome. The breakpoints of the deletion were located within Alu...

...Felipe Avila; Malorie P. Baily; Polina Perelman; Pranab J. Das; Joan Pontius; Renuka Chowdhary; Elaine Owens; Warren E. Johnson; David A. Merriwether; Terje Raudsepp Genome analysis of the alpaca ( Lama pacos , LPA) has progressed slowly compared to other domestic species. Here, we report...

...C.A. Redi; E. Capanna The study of genome size (GS) and its variation is so fascinating to the scientific community because it constitutes the link between the present-day analytical and molecular studies of the genome and the old trunk of the holistic and synthetic view of the genome. The GS...

...L. Fantini; M.D. Mudry; M. Nieves Genome size or C-value is defined as the total amount of DNA contained within a haploid chromosome set and is regarded as a species-specific constant. Speciation among neotropical primates seems to be accompanied by marked quantitative changes in DNA content...

...D.M. Larkin During the last 30 years, the cattle genome map has been expanded from 4 genes linked on chromosome X to over 22,000 genes identified in the cattle genome sequence assembly. This progress has been achieved due to numerous projects on linkage and physical mapping of the cattle genome...

...D.C. Ferreira; C. Oliveira; F. Foresti Transposons and retrotransposons represent a great portion of the eukaryotic genome. These repeated elements can be defined as genetic entities capable of self-inserting into different positions within the genome modifying the functions of the genes with which...

... chromosomes, XX in females and XY in males. Due to this property the S. latifolia sex chromosomes have been often used for cytogenetic studies as well as for flow sorting and laser microdissection. Nowadays S. latifolia is the focus of genomic studies, molecular mapping, phylogenetic and population genetics...

... using molecular cytogenetic techniques. The genomic and functional disturbances, genomic interactions between homeologous chromosomes, and possibly both genomic imprinting and the presence of mobile elements are some cytogenetic mechanisms that increase genetic diversity in hybrid parthenogenetic...

...D. Kordis Transposable elements (TEs) have profound effects on the structure, function and evolution of their host genomes. Our knowledge about these agents of genomic change in sauropsids, a sister group of mammals that includes all extant reptiles and birds, is still very limited. Invaluable...

...A.D. Leaché; J.W. Sites, Jr. The genus Sceloporus is a diverse clade of lizards that exhibits substantial variation in chromosome numbers and sex chromosome heteromorphisms, 2 features of the genome that are static among most other pleurodont iguanian lizards. Evolutionary changes...

... paints. Results suggested that chromosome territory distribution best fitted a chromosome size-based (rather than gene density-based) pattern. Identical BAC clones were then hybridised to turkey and duck in a comparative genomic strategy. Observations were consistent with those seen in chicken (although...

... in relation to cytological features of some species in the genus Plantago L. Cytologia 52:733–737 (1987). 2. Barow M, Meister A: Lack of correlation between AT frequency and genome size in higher plants and the effect of non-randomness of base sequences on dye binding. Cytometry 47:1–7 (2002). 3...

..., the identification of sex chromosomes, chromosome evolution analysis and applied genetics. Here, we report the characterization of the transposable elements (TE) Tc1 , Rex1 , Rex3 and Rex6 and a new element called RCk in the genome of the South American cichlid fish Cichla kelberi using nucleotide sequence analysis...

...S.M. Stack; S.M. Royer; L.A. Shearer; S.B. Chang; J.J. Giovannoni; D.H. Westfall; R.A. White; L.K. Anderson The tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. ) genome is being sequenced by a consortium of laboratories in 10 countries. Seventy-seven percent of the tomato genome (DNA) is located in repeat-rich...