Fluorescence in situ hybridization, base-specific fluorescence, C-banding and silver-staining were performed to reveal the cyto-molecular constitution of the karyotype in the bivalent-forming Rhoeo spathacea concolor. It was shown that the genome of this form is almost identical to the β-complex of the ring-forming rhoeos. In spite of some modifications in the arrangement of a few distal rDNA sites and in the amount of pericentromeric AT-rich heterochromatin, the alethal genome of the bivalent-forming Rhoeo seems segmentally unaltered. Thus, the breakdown of balanced lethals in Rhoeo is most likely uncoupled from creating new chromosome arm combinations.

Keywords:
Fluorescence in situ hybridization, rDNA, Renner complexes, Rhoeo, Translocations
1.
Belling J: The attachments of chromosomes at the reduction division in flowering plants. J Genet 18:177–205 (1927).
2.
Carniel K: Beiträge zum Sterilitäts- und Befruchtungsproblem von Rhoeo discolor. Chromosoma 11:456–462 (1960).
3.
Cleland RE: Oenothera. Cytogenetics and Evolution (Academic Press, London and New York 1972).
4.
Dubcovsky J, Dvořák J: Ribosomal RNA multigene loci – nomads of the Triticeae genomes. Genetics 140:1367–1377 (1995).
5.
Emerson S: The genetic nature of De Vries’s mutations in Oenothera lamarckiana. Am Nat 69:545–559 (1935).
6.
Flagg RO: A mutation and an inversion in Rhoeo discolor. J Hered 49:185–188 (1958).
7.
Golczyk H, Joachimiak A: NORs in Rhoeo revisited. Caryologia 56:31–35 (2003).
8.
Golczyk H, Hasterok R, Joachimiak AJ: FISH-aimed karyotyping and characterization of Renner complexes in permanent heterozygote Rhoeo spathacea. Genome 48:145–153 (2005).
9.
Golczyk H, Hasterok R, Szklarczyk M: Ribosomal DNA, tri- and bipartite pericentromeres in the permanent translocation heterozygote Rhoeo spathacea. Cell Mol Biol Lett 15:651–664 (2010).
10.
Grant V: Genetics of Flowering Plants (Columbia University Press, New York and London 1975).
11.
Harte C: Oenothera: Contributions of a Plant to Biology. Monographs on Theoretical and Applied Genetics 20 (Springer Verlag, Berlin 1994).
12.
Hunt DR: Campelia, Rhoeo, Zebrina united with Tradescantia. Kew Bull 41:401–405 (1986).
13.
Jouve N, Díez N, Rodriguez M: C-banding in 6×-Triticale × Secale cereale L. hybrid cytogenetics. Theor Appl Genet 57:75–79 (1980).
14.
Lin YJ, Paddock EF: Ring-position and frequency of adjacent distribution of meiotic chromosomes in Rhoeo spathacea. Am J Bot 60:685–690 (1973).
15.
Pettenati MJ: Giemsa C-banding of Rhoeo (Commelinaceae). Genetica 74:219–224 (1987).
16.
Rauwolf U, Golczyk H, Meurer J, Herrmann RG, Greiner S: Molecular marker systems for Oenothera genetics. Genetics 180:1289–1306 (2008).
17.
Sax K: Chromosome ring formation in Rhoeo discolor. Cytologia 3:36–53 (1931).
18.
Schubert I, Wobus U: In situ hybridization confirms jumping nucleolus organizing regions in Allium. Chromosoma 92:143–148 (1985).
19.
Schweizer D, Ambros PF: Chromosome banding. Meth Mol Biol 29:97–111 (1994).
20.
Simmonds NW: Meiosis in tropical Rhoeo discolor. Nature 155:731 (1945).
21.
Stearn WT: The boat-lily (Rhoeo spathacea). Baileya 5:195–198 (1957).
22.
Tschermak-Woess E: Cytologische und embryologische Untersuchungen an Rhoeo discolor. Österr Bot Z 94:128–135 (1947).
23.
Wimber DE: The nuclear cytology of bivalent and ring-forming rhoeos and their hybrids. Am J Bot 55:572–574 (1968).
© 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel
2011
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.