Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a diagnostic emergency threatening patients in a major way. Pediatric renal extra purification methods are limited in African countries due to the nonavailability of resources. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) seems to be the modality that is the most practiced for children with acute renal failure (ARF). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study on 5 years of records of children from 1 month to 15 years who have suffered an ARF and benefited from PD while being treated at the pediatric nephrology unit of the Chu of Yopougon. ARF is defined as the condition that exists when the serum creatinine level is high or equal to 200 µmol/l outside any underlying uropathies. Results: Out of the hospitalized 88 children for AKI, 33 were on PD. Twenty-two children have been on dialysis while 9 children had to discontinue treatment due to financial problems. The sex ratio was 0.46 and the average age was 8.1. The etiologies of the AKI were predominantly glomerular diseases (45%), malaria (31.8%), and secondary interstitial nephritis of toxic origin. The indications of the PD are anuria (31%), hyperkalemia (18%), acute edema of lung (13%), and hyperuremia (13%). Eight children had automated peritoneal dialysis, 02 children underwent manual PD, and 9 children had both methods of treatment. We recorded 31 mechanical complications and 10 infections. While 8 children died, 10 recovered from AKI. Conclusion: Trained surgical medical personnel and favorable economic statuses of patients are the factors that will determine the success of PD in our country.

Keywords:
Children, Peritoneal dialysis, Renal failure, Africa
1.
Macher MA: Insuffisance rénale aiguë chez l'enfant, EMC, Paris Elsevier Ed, Pédiatrie, 4-084-D-20, 2004
2.
Diallo I: Centre hospitalier régional de St Louis du Sénégal. Place de la dialyse Péritonéale comme méthode de traitement par excellence de l'insuffisance rénale terminale dans les pays en voie de développement [Internet]. Consulté le 10 décembre 2010. Disponible sur: http://hopital-saintlouis.sn/component/content/article/34-actu-sant/136-analyse-dialyse-ptone.
3.
Adebowale DA, Adanze OA, Oluwatoyin OO, et al: Peritoneal dialysis in childhood acute kidney injury: experience in southwest Nigeria Perit Dial Int 2012;32:267-272.
4.
Crabtree JH: Who should place peritoneal dialysis catheters? Perit Dial Int 2010;30:142-150.
5.
Olowu WA: Renal failure in Nigerian children: factors limiting access to dialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 2003;18:1249-1254.
6.
Aloni MN, Nsibu CN, Meeko-Mimaniye M, Ekulu PM, Bodi JM: Acute renal failure in Congolese children: a tertiary institution experience. Acta Paediatr 2012;101:e514-e518.
7.
Bourquia A: L'insuffisance rénale aiguë chez l'enfant marocain: Etude à propos de 100 cas. Revue maghrébine de Pédiatrie 1999, vol. 9, no 5, pp 237-242 6 p.
8.
Anochie IC, Eke FU: Paediatric acute peritoneal dialysis in southern Nigeria. Postgrad Med J 2006;82:228-230.
9.
Assounga AG, Assambo-Kieli C, Mafoua A, et al: Etiology and outcome of renal failure in congo-brazzaville. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2000;11:40-43.
10.
Moghal NE, Brocklebank JT, Meadow SR: A review of acute renal failure in children: incidence, etiology and outcome. Clin Nephrol 1998;49:91-95.
11.
Loirat C, Taylor CM: Hemolytic uremic syndromes; in Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P (eds): Pediatric nephrology ed 5. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004, pp 887-915.
12.
Chadha V, Warady BA, Blowey DL, et al: Tenckhoff catheters prove superior to cook catheters in pediatric acute peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2000;35:1111-1116.
13.
Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, et al; ISPD Guidelines/Recommendations: Peritoneal dialysis-related infections recommendations: 2010 update. Perit Dial Int 2010;30:393-423.
14.
Goldstein SL, Somers MJ, Baum MA, Symons JM, et al: Pediatric patients with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome receiving continuous renal replacement therapy. Kidney Int 2005;67:653-658.
15.
Foland JA, Fortenberry JD, Warshaw BL, et al: Fluid overload before continuous hemofiltration and survival in critically ill children: a retrospective analysis. Crit Care Med 2004;32:1771-1776.
16.
Bunchman TE, McBryde KD, Mottes TE, et al: Pediatric acute renal failure: outcome by modality and disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:1067-1071.
© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
2015
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.