... Abstract Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used for its analgesic effects for chronic pain, including facial pain. Here, we summarize how the electrical stimulation of branches of the trigeminal nerve via TENS has been utilized to reduce pain resulting from trigeminal...

...References References 1. Ferreira AP, Costa DR, Oliveira AI, Carvalho EA, Conti PC, Costa YM, Bonjardim LR: Short-term transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation reduces pain and improves the masticatory muscle activity in temporomandibular disorder patients: a randomized controlled trial. J...

... that transcutaneous immunization is also capable of inducing mucosal immune responses. However, it still remains unclear which route is the most effective to induce mucosal immune responses in upper respiratory organs. In order to investigate the differences in the immune responses among several mucosal immunizations...

...References References 1. Woolf C, Thompson J: Stimulation- induced analgesia: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and vibration. (eds) Wall P, Melzack R: Textbook of Pain New York, Churchill- Livingstone, 1994;1191-2008 2. Wall PD: The gate control theory of pain...

... of peripheral nerve stimulation. It is very well known that a non-painful stimulation of peripheral nerves can elicit analgesic effects [ 1 , 2 ]. This phenomenon has been used in certain pain syndromes using non-invasive per- or transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (high- and low-frequency...

... Abstract The number of marketed bone-conduction hearing implants (BCHIs) has been steadily growing, with multiple percutaneous devices and transcutaneous devices now available. However, studies assessing efficacy often have small sample sizes and employ different assessment methodologies. Thus...

... transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant system: short-term safety and efficacy. Otol Neurotol 2013;34:1076-1083. 10. Barbara M, Perotti M, Gioia B, Volpini L, Monini S: Transcutaneous bone-conduction hearing device: audiological and surgical aspects in a first series of patients with mixed hearing...

... within the pump reservoir and to ensure that there is no loss of biological activity of the infused drug. An implantable transcutaneous port has the potential to prevent the complications associated with subcutaneous access devices and pumps by allowing thorough cleansing of the port prior to needle...

... alternatives for providing a BC hearing system will be given below. Since many terms are used to distinguish these systems, to avoid the risk of confusion an attempt to categorize these has been made in figure 1a-g . Transcutaneous Bone Conduction - Vibrations through the Intact Skin Conventional...

... degree of arterial wall calcification and a multi-level lower limb arteries involvement, with frequent distal localizations. Foot ischaemia is usually diagnosed by integrating the clinical exam with non-invasive tests like ankle pressure measurement and Ankle Brachial Index, as well as, transcutaneous...