... Abstract Gustation is one of the important chemical senses that guides the organism to identify nutrition while avoiding toxic chemicals. An increasing number of metabolic hormones and/or hormone receptors have been identified in the taste buds of the tongue and are involved in modulating taste...

... and aging. A description of the occlusal and skeletal pathologies that affect the balance of the chewing pattern and related muscular activation is provided. Intact neurocognitive functions and dentition are essential in mastication to achieve coordinated movements of the teeth and tongue to help propel...

... prevalence or be transient, making it difficult to establish this symptom’s epidemiology. Oral malodor can be attributed to a high local concentration of intraoral microbial populations, particularly those of the tongue’s biofilm, as well as the biofilms associated with teeth and periodontal tissue...

... Abstract The failure of traditional upper airway surgery such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty has been attributed to lower airway obstruction related to base of tongue collapse. Multiple procedures, including glossectomy, tongue base radiofrequency, genioglossus advancement, and tongue suspension...

... Abstract Since the first report of the use of the da Vinci robotic system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) in transoral robotic tongue base reduction for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was published in 2010, this surgical tool and technique has been used worldwide for the resection...

..., expiratory muscle strength training, and tongue pressure resistance training. All three techniques invoke principles of task specificity, muscular load, resistance, and intensity, and aim to achieve functional changes in swallowing through changes in muscle physiology derived from strength or endurance...

... been suggested to predict the presence of sleep apnea. Screening is well established, and laboratory and home testing are widely available. An early assessment with a physical examination can help direct treatment planning. The Friedman tongue position, lingual tonsil hypertrophy grading...

..., the baby's tongue moves in a wave-like manner, with positive pressure being exerted rhythmically by the dorsum of the tongue surface to the underside of the nipple/breast complex held in the baby's mouth; this is regarded as a type feature of the baby, taken to indicate its neurodevelopmental maturity...

... a prospective study of 100 consecutive DISE procedures and investigated the associations between polysomnography and DISE findings. Their results suggest that a multilevel collapse, a complete collapse, and a tongue-base collapse are statistically significantly associated with higher apnea hypopnea index values...

..., Ibrahim H, Bass L: Clinical staging for sleep-disordered breathing. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;127:13-21. 9. Friedman M, Ibrahim H, Lee G, Joseph NJ: Combined uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and radiofrequency tongue base reduction for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Otolaryngol...

..., it will probably be complementary with CPAP therapy and initially aimed at patients unable or unwilling to use CPAP. Once it becomes a standard therapy, its advantages might prove sufficient to challenge CPAP as the first-line therapy. The Tongue The human tongue is a curious structure. It is a critical...

...: A practical method for describing patterns of tongue-base narrowing (modification of Fujita) in awake adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;60:252-260. 21. Riley RW, Powell NB, Guilleminault C: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a review of 306 consecutively treated...

... of not only the cyst and central portion of the hyoid bone, but also a central core of deep tongue musculature. By doing so, the rate of recurrence is decreased from approximately 50 to 3–5%. In this chapter, the authors will describe the Sistrunk procedure step by step including surgical pearls for success...

... palate, and the tongue. Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) consist of a variety of clinical entities, ranging from primary snoring to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) at opposite extremes. The management of SRBD attracts a multidisciplinary approach within which surgery has...

... tongue movements during breast-feeding. Early Hum Dev 2013;89:635-641. 9. Woolridge MW: The mechanics of breastfeeding revised: new insights into how babies feed provided by fresh ultrasound studies. 5th Europaediatr Congr, Vienna, June 2012. 10. Woolridge MW: The mechanics of breastfeeding: does...

... of snoring. The neck circumference, Friedman tongue position (FTP), tonsil size, and lingual tonsil grade should always be noted in every patient. Alerting patients to the potential existence of OSAHS will often help them seek information from a bed partner or roommate, and eventually result in a diagnosis...

... Abstract Biological factors such as saliva, acquired dental pellicle, tooth structure and positioningin relation to soft tissues and tongue are related to dental erosion development. Saliva hasbeen shown to be the most important biological factor in the prevention of dental erosion. Itstarts...

... Other methods to evaluate upper airway obstruction involving the lingual tonsils include sleep/sedated fluoroscopy, sedated cine MRI and intraoperative sedated endoscopy - MRI is able to distinguish between lingual tonsil tissue and base of tongue musculature - Cine MRI comes from the French...

...References References 1. Hempel AG, et al: Fiery tongues and mystical motivations: glossolalia in a forensic population is associated with mania and sexual/religious delusions. J Forensic Sci 2002;47:305-312. 2. Meadow M, Kahoe R: Psychology of Religion. New York, Harper & Raw, 1984...