... Abstract Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at increased risk of developing thyroid disorders during follow-up. Radiation therapy to a field that includes the thyroid gland and 131 I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine ( 131 I-MIBG) treatment are the main risk factors for thyroid sequelae, which...

... Abstract Congenital thyroid diseases can be explained in the context of the individual ontogenetic development; however, they can also be mirrored in the perspective of the phylogenetic evolution of the thyroid hormone system. The unique feature of the system, e.g. the generation of iodinated...

... Abstract The incidence of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer has increased over the last several decades. This change is influenced by several factors, to include the status of iodine sufficiency, access to the health care system and, perhaps most significantly, the increased use...

... Abstract Little is currently known about the efficacy of long-term follow-up during and after the transition from paediatric to adult health care services of adolescents and young adults with thyroid diseases, and/or for patients at risk of developing nodules and/or dysthyroidism due...

... with increasing weight problems. As more and more evidence is accumulated that thyroid hormones affect components of the MetS, the present review aims to summarize the rapidly expanding knowledge on the pathophysiological interaction between thyroid hormone status and MetS. The review is based on a PubMed search...

... and variability of the thyroid dysfunction associated with the eye disease, as discussed in detail below; (ii) the fact that the pathogenesis of the condition is not fully elucidated; (iii) the fact that the disease has many and varied clinical presentations. We believe that the term Graves' orbitopathy (GO...

...What Are Combined Thyroid-Eye Clinics? The diagnosis of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is very easy in patients with already known Graves' hyperthyroidism in whom bilateral symmetric ophthalmopathy develops. However, there is no specific clinical, biochemical, or radiological...

.... Confronted with information from retrospective, uncontrolled small studies with inadequate standardization of the evaluation of thyroid function as well as orbitopathy, dissecting the influence of controlling hyperthyroidism, the influence of any therapy, and the consequences of the natural history of GO...

.... The thyrotoxicosis was resistant to medical therapy: the thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were <0.01 IU/L, free triiodothyronine (FT3) was 11.3 pg/mL, free thyroxin (FT4) was 58 pg/mL. Two further episodes of NSTEMI were diagnosed after the admission. The risk of death with thyroidectomy exceeded 50...

... escape it. It is debated whether autoimmune diseases have to be regarded as a cancer cause or its consequence. In particular, the association between autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer (TC; especially papillary carcinoma) is a fascinating model of this complex relationship. In this review, we...

... Abstract This chapter addresses what is known about the endocrine system components growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, thyroid axis, and prolactin relative to exercise and exercise training. Each one of these hormone axes contributes to the maintenance of homeostasis...

... Abstract Thyroid cancer is a disease that affects 8,000 new individuals a year, a number that has increased approximately 3-fold in the past 30 years. The increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer can be related to various factors. The evolution of diagnostic technology has distinctly...

... Abstract Ultrasonography (US) represents the most sensitive and efficient method for the evaluation of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Infectious and autoimmune thyroiditis are common diseases, usually diagnosed and followed up by clinical examination and laboratory analyses. Nevertheless...