... to an insufficient bone window, and some might have pathologies (e.g. intracranial vascular stenosis or systemic disorders such as anemia or cardiac pathologies) affecting the results of the TCD. The aim of this book is to focus on the translational aspects of ultrasound. Therefore, an effort was made to include...

... as arterial wall characteristics in the major arteries that supply the cerebral vascular bed. Validated criteria for the diagnosis of steno-occlusive disease of carotid or vertebral arteries have high accuracy parameters. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography provides a reliable evaluation...

... Abstract The suspected cause of clinical manifestations of patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a transientor a permanent right-to-left shunt (RLS). Contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler ultrasound(c-TCD) is a reliable alternative to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) fordiagnosis of PFO...

... Abstract Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) is the only diagnostic modality that provides a reliable evaluation of intracranial blood flow patterns in real-time. The physiological information obtained from TCD is complementary to the anatomical details obtained from other neuroimaging...

.... Using transcranial color duplex sonography (TCDS) allows anexaminer to identify the site of occlusion and focus the ultrasound beam on it. Clinical studiesusing TCDS to enhance thrombolysis in acute middle cerebral artery occlusions haverevealed an accelerating effect on recanalization, as well...

... Abstract Stenoses and occlusions of the anterior, middle, pre- and postcommunicating posteriorcerebral, and basilar and intracranial vertebral arteries are reliably detected by transcranialDoppler (TCD) and transcranial color duplex sonography (TCCS). Diagnosis of carotidsiphon stenosis...

... surgical and endovascular carotidinterventions, the advantages of periprocedural transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring, suchas its sensitivity for recording blood flow velocities and microembolism in real-time, are convincing.Because of its high temporal resolution, it provides additional information about...

... Abstract Various aspects of the cerebral blood-flow regulation can be assessed by transcranialDoppler (TCD). This chapter describes and discusses the approaches that have been reportedin the literature. The steady-state characteristics of the cerebral autoregulation can be determinedby changing...

..., TCD offers an excellent temporalresolution in comparison to other neuroimaging techniques. The technique is noninvasiveand easy to apply. Blood flow measurements are robust against movement artifacts. Thus,fTCD is predestinated for follow-up investigations, especially in individuals...

...-Based Populations Wong et al. [ 24 ] published the first door-to-door study of ICAS in middle-aged, asymptomatic subjects in rural China. Five hundred and ninety villagers aged 40 or above were screened by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) and 41 subjects (prevalence 6.9%) were found to have...

... Surg 2008;34:864-869. 7. Sawa Y, Yoshikawa Y, Toda K, et al: Safety and efficacy of autologous skeletal myoblast sheets (TCD-51073) for the treatment of severe chronic heart failure due to ischemic heart disease. Circ J 2015;79:991-999. 8. Ohki T, Yamato M, Ota M, et al: Prevention...

... were treated with intravenous rt-PA within three hours after the onset of symptoms. The target patients received 2-MHz transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring for two hours along with rt-PA. A complete reperfusion or dramatic clinical recovery was observed for 49% of the patients in the target group (rt...

... affecting the cortical ribbon because cortical infarcts may be hard to detect given the similarly high signal of cortical gray matter and adjacent cerebrospinal fluid, and the complex convolutional geometry of the surface of the brain [ 2 ]. In addition, transcranial Doppler (TCD) can non-invasively...

..., et al: Consensus on microembolus detection by TCD. International Consensus Group on Microembolus Detection. Stroke 1998;29:725-729. 43. Mess WH, Titulaer BM, Ackerstaff RG: A new algorithm for off-line automated emboli detection based on the pseudo-wigner power distribution and the dual gate TCD...

... intracranial arteries [ 46 ]. Other investigators have found that the severity (>70%) of symptomatic ICAS is associated with early recurrent ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging [ 47 ]. Severe MCA stenoses often show a higher progression rate during TCD follow-up [ 48 ]. In the Chinese...