.... 1) Oral Microbiome: From “Who Are They?” to “What Are They Doing?” Studies of the oral microbiome in relation to dental caries have been conducted for many years. Initially, a search was conducted for “cariogenic bacteria” that satisfied Koch’s postulate, and mutans streptococci were...

... by the results of the Vipeholm study, which did not deal with any microbial aspect of the disease. What is much less emphasized is that these same results provided one of the most robust lines of evidence that exist in support of a genetic component to dental caries. The results of the study showed great...

... and then introduce epidemiology as the core science of public health. We will describe the common epidemiological study designs with a focus on observational studies and explore the role of the various study designs in addressing different types of research question, and thereby contributing to distinct aspects...

... Abstract More than 700 microbial species inhabit the complex environment of the oral cavity. For years microorganisms have been studied in pure cultures, a highly artificial situation because microorganisms in natural habitats grow as complex ecologies, termed biofilms. These resemble...

... and India, and an international millet festival in Niger. As a case study in Myanmar, we compared two approaches to introduce Smart Food – one which directly introduces new products and one which takes a culturally sensitive participatory and inclusive approach. The later approach resulted...

... Abstract There is increasing concern regarding how to sustainably meet the basic needs of a growing population with a continuously decreasing resource base. This study analyses the water-energy-food nexus in Burundi. The country experiences challenging demographic pressures which increase...

... ]. In a study carried out by DOST-FNRI and Save the Children in 2013, Php 328 Billion economic losses or 2.84% of the Gross Domestic Product are lost due to child undernutrition while around Php 1.23 billion are lost due to stunting-related grade-level repetition brought about by frequent absenteeism...

..., the hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome (HAPO) study provided the best evidence base to support answers to some of these questions – yet, some remain unsolved and others are still a matter of debate. Translating clinical evidence to practice guidelines is not a pure matter of science, but other...