... Abstract Skeletal myogenesis begins in the embryo with proliferation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells that ultimately fuse to form multinucleated myofibers. After midgestation, muscle growth occurs through hypertrophy of these myofibers. The most rapid growth phase occurs...

... endocrine system on the proliferation/differentiation of most cells (and thus possibly on the evolution of cancer). The most plausible target tissues include skeletal and cardiac muscle, all immune cells, many cells involved in cardiovascular homeostasis, brain cells, and reproductive tissues. These data...

... Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant tumor with differentiation towards skeletal muscle and is the most common sarcoma of childhood. Four main subtypes are recognized in the current WHO classification: embryonal, alveolar, spindle cell/sclerosing, and pleomorphic. The embryonal subtype of RMS...

... Abstract Skeletal fragility is a frequent complication of endogenous hypercortisolism, and fragility fractures may be the first clinical manifestation of the disease. Fractures involve more frequently the vertebrae and may occur in 30-50% of the patients exposed to glucocorticoid excess...

... Abstract Inflicted non-accidental skeletal injuries form a small but important part of the spectrum of child abuse, with the majority of skeletal injuries occurring in children under 2 years of age. Radiology plays a vital role in the detection and evaluation of these skeletal injuries...

... Abstract Constitutional disorders of bone, commonly termed skeletal dysplasias (SDs), are inherited disorders of cartilage and/or bone that affect their growth, morphometry and integrity. Associated skeletal abnormalities are usually but not invariably symmetrical. They may be classified...

... Abstract This chapter reviews current knowledge of the various signaling pathways that cause the glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4)-containing vesicles to translocate from intracellular compartments of skeletal muscle cells to the plasma membrane in response to exercise. Specifically...

...), and the rate of muscle mass and strength gains. However, an effect of protein consumption during acute post-exercise recovery on mitochondrial protein synthesis has yet to be demonstrated. Protein ingestion following endurance exercise does facilitate an increase in skeletal MPS, supporting muscle repair...

... in later life, all current public health issues [ 2 ]. Another important public health issue is osteoporosis, ‘a skeletal disorder characterised by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility and risk of fracture’ [ 3 ]. Osteoporotic...

... Abstract Almost 400 different forms of skeletal dysplasias have been described, each with characteristic clinical and radiographic features. The underlying genetic and molecular pathology is known in several forms. Correct diagnosis is important for genetic counseling, treatment decisions...

... Abstract Self-renewing, multipotent progenitors of skeletal tissues are found within skeletal segments (skeletal stem cells) and coincide with adventitial reticular cells of bone marrow vessels in situ and with explanted clonogenic stromal cells ex vivo. These cells, which can be identified...

...Skeletal Muscle and Health In the United States, more than 400,000 people die every year directly due to physical inactivity and poor nutrition [ 1 ]. This accounts for 1/3 of all preventable deaths and 1/6 of all deaths. Increasingly, skeletal muscle has been identified as playing a central...

... Abstract Inflicted non-accidental skeletal injuries form a small but important part of the spectrum of child abuse, with the majority of skeletal injuries occurring in children under 2 years of age. Radiology plays a vital role in the detection and evaluation of these skeletal injuries...

... day (typically in physical education) or as an after-school program.Overall, these studies showed that school-based skeletal loading interventions are efficacious,safe, and feasible. Furthermore, studies to date have shown that interventions are mosteffective when initiated during prepuberty and early...

... Abstract During puberty, the acquisition of skeletal mass and areal bone mineral density (BMD)mainly reflects an increase in bone size (length and perimeters) and not true volumetricBMD. Sexual dimorphism in bone mass and areal BMD is also explained by differences inbone size (longer and wider...