... Abstract Population aging and the concomitant reduction in tooth loss will have a profound effect on dentistry. In particular, an increase in the prevalence of root caries can be expected. Root caries is not evenly distributed across the population and identification of high-risk groups...

... Abstract The etiology of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) has been attributed to systemic and environmental factors since 2001. The identification of MIH etiology is fundamental to better understand this condition, for differential diagnosis, and to identify the patient group at risk...

... toward events occurring during pregnancy, childbirth, and early childhood, with particular emphasis on perinatal risk factors, which appear to be most frequently associated with these conditions, followed by prenatal factors [ 15 ]. The literature points out that the risk factors frequently...

... risk. In addition, MIH is associated with tooth sensitivity, dental anxiety, difficulty eating, aesthetic concerns, and negative influence during the child’s psychological growth, especially when the MIH is severe. Regarding dental caries, it is essential to note that MIH does not directly increase...

... Abstract Caries risk assessment (CRA) is essential to delivering personalized/precision care in caries management. Limited formal evaluation and validation of existing CRA tools affects the ability to accurately predict new lesions. However, this should not prevent clinicians from assessing...

... Abstract Long-term cancer survivors are at high risk of developing cardiac complications from the treatments, both systemic agents and thoracic irradiation, received to cure the primary tumor. Modern advances, particularly in the field of radiotherapy, aim to reduce the risk of cardiovascular...

... Abstract Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most common and serious late complications of anticancer treatments. In the general population, metabolic syndrome is closely related to the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. In recent years, metabolic syndrome has gained...

... higher among current and former smokers, and continued smoking thereafter has been associated with a nearly twofold higher risk of death. Challenges: Because it is a silent disease, CKD is often diagnosed in advanced stages, which underscores the importance of targeted, active screening for CKD. When...

... and in the environment, represents a significant challenge in interpreting the environmental risk associated with the widespread use of sunscreens. Introduction Topical sunscreens help in the prevention of sun damage and the effects of sunburn, skin cancer, and photoaging. Regular or daily use of a topical...

... and resource settings. Understanding and estimating cardiovascular risk is an essential component of diabetes care. Increasingly, assessment of absolute cardiovascular risk in individuals with diabetes is used to guide treatment targets and medical therapies. Numerous approaches to assessing cardiovascular...

... and vision impairment was higher in world regions with older populations. The prevalence of any DR among diabetic patients was estimated to be 34.6%, of diabetic macular oedema to be 6.8%, and of vision threating DR to be 10.2%. Risk factors for DR were elevated blood pressure, longer duration of diabetes...

... about their safety has been raised, since diabetic patients are a special category, having increased risk for cardiovascular events and other systemic adverse events due to VEGF inhibition. The current evidence from clinical trials has demonstrated that anti-VEGF agents are safe for diabetic patients...

...-aided analysis, wider retinal venules and narrower arterioles were found to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). For chronic kidney disease, narrower retinal arteriolar calibre, smaller retinal vascular fractal dimensions, arteriovenous nicking and opacification were...

... inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists) reduce cardiovascular events in high-risk diabetic patients. The postulated mechanisms of these novel agents are likely multi-factorial, and beyond improvement in glucose lowering. These findings will guide future development of novel therapies and biomarkers...