... of OCTA in the identification of choroidal melanoma is mainly to determine changes in parafoveal microvasculature (capillary vascular density; CVD) rather than visualization of intratumoral vascularity, it is highly valuable in the early detection and management of radiation retinopathy. Through OCTA...

... Abstract Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive, rapid, and 3-dimensional evaluation of retinal vasculature well-suited for the evaluation of the microvasculopathy of diabetes. It visualizes the key clinical features of diabetic retinopathy (DR), including...

... Abstract With the rapid change in lifestyle in modern society, diabetes has become a major health problem all around the world. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment in working-age adults worldwide. The most common early clinically visible manifestations of DR...

... Abstract Based on recent meta-analyses, 0.8 million people out of overall globally 32.4 million blind individuals and 3.7 million people out of 191 million moderately to severely visually impaired (MSVI) individuals were blind and visually impaired due to diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the year...

... Abstract Patients with diabetes may have retinopathy changes that carry an increased risk for cerebrovascular disease. Even patients without an established diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycaemia may have retinopathy changes, which also indicate increased cerebrovascular risk. Due...

... Abstract Diabetes can cause a range of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Of these, retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication, while coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of macrovascular complication. The interplay between these 2 complications...

... of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is also the leading cause of visual loss in working-age adults worldwide. In this chapter, we examine the association between diabetes, CKD (both diabetic nephropathy [DN] and non-diabetic renal disease [NDRD]), with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and visual loss. DN and DR...

... Abstract It has consistently been demonstrated that patients with diabetes have a higher mortality, which is mainly caused by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. There is a close correlation between micro- and macrovascular disease in diabetes. Given that diabetic retinopathy (DR...

... Abstract The abnormalities seen in diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be split into three categories: findings resulting from structural retinal neurodegeneration, findings resulting from leaking microvasculature, and findings resulting from microvascular alterations with ischemia. Noninvasive...

... Table 2 International clinical disease severity scale The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Group (ETDRS) defined clinically significant diabetic macular edema (CSME) as: 1. Retinal thickening at or within 500 µm or 1/3 disc diameter of the macular center. 2. Hard exudates...

... Abstract For decades, panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) has been the standard of care for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The relatively recent advent of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) formulations for intravitreal injection has provided a fresh...

... Abstract Vitreomacular traction (VMT) is one of many possible factors involved in the etiology of diabetic macular edema (DME). Pharmacologic vitreoretinal separation is a potential alternative to vitrectomy for VMT in diabetic retinopathy. Small case series have been published on the use...

... Abstract Purpose: To describe the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) features of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Literature review and case series. Results: Four cases are presented. Conclusion: OCTA is an effective method for evaluating retinal changes in diabetic...

... Abstract Although diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of vision loss, the last decade has brought significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this common complication of diabetes mellitus. First, optical coherence tomography allows for noninvasive imaging of the retina...

... Abstract Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema result from chronic damage to the neurovascular structures of the retina. The pathophysiology of retinal damage remains uncertain but includes metabolic and neuroinflammatory insults. These mechanisms are addressed by intensive metabolic...

... Abstract Current indications for pars plana vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) include vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment (TRD), combined tractional and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (CTRRD), diabetic macular edema associated with posterior...

... Abstract The surgical treatment and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has evolved significantly over the last decade. The introduction of new techniques, instrumentation, and surgical adjuvants has added to the repertoire of options vitreoretinal surgeons have to treat complex...