..., and other direct neutralizers of ROS, such as superoxide dismutases, catalases, and quinone reductases [ 2 ]. To combat DNA damage caused by UV radiation, product developers add DNA repair enzymes to topical preparations designed to prevent skin cancer. These enzymes include photolyases (which remove...

... patterns. Over the last 3 decades the recommended age for hypospadias repair has come down [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Based on expert opinion, most recent North American and European guidelines recommend surgical correction of hypospadias between 6 and 18 months of life [ 1 , 4 ]. Surgical Considerations Most...

... Cells for Retinal Repair Progress to develop stem cell-based therapy for the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has accelerated over the past few years. Key advances in stem cell science, combined with the unique factors that favor retina as a target for cellular therapy, have brought us...

... anomalies seen in live births. The clinical burden of cleft palate is significant, as conventional treatments include surgical repair combined with long-term rehabilitation. Affected children may require multiple operations and often have secondary problems such as perturbed speech development, dental...

... communication between cell populations in repair. Detailed characterization of sialoglycans and their dynamics offers insights into functional interplay in the esophageal cellular community, whereas they switch the pro-inflammatory events involved in early nonepithelial cell activation and mucosal restitution...

... Abstract Helicobacter pylori infection induces oxidative stress on gastric mucosa, thereby causing mucosal damage, retarding mucosal repair, and eventually inducing gastric cancer. Cells can survive against chronic oxidative stress by enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes, thereby...

... Abstract Congenital choanal atresia (CA) is relatively rare, with an incidence of 1 in 7,000 births with a majority being the mixed bony-membranous type. There are 5 described methods of CA repair: transpalatal, transnasal, sublabialtransnasal, transantral, and transseptal approaches...

..., for biological augmentation of rotator cuff repair. Background The rotator cuff is comprised of four muscles passing between the scapula and the humeral head: the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis. The tendinous portion of each of these muscles blends with the capsule...

... Abstract Objectives: We critically review the existing studies comparing the features of single- and double-row repair, and discuss suggestions about the surgical indications for the two repair techniques. Data Sources: All currently available studies comparing the biomechanical, clinical...

... Abstract The arthroscopic approach for rotator cuff repair is extensively used worldwide. Different repairing procedures have evolved with the aim of restoring anatomy and function of rotator cuff tendon. Several studies have analyzed biomechanical factors to understand their influence...

... Abstract After damage the kidney has the ability to repair itself. With mild injury this repair can result in the return to a structural and functional state that is indistinguishable from normal. However, when the repair is more severe or is superimposed on baseline kidney abnormalities...

... tissue damage, thus delaying and, in some instances, completely stopping progression to end-stage renal disease, and facilitating repair. The ability of the body to maintain renal homeostasis indicates that a reservoir of cells should exist somewhere in the body to support normal turnover of glomerular...

... Abstract The pathophysiology of acute kidney injury involves a complex interplay among vascular, tubular, and inflammatory factors followed by a repair process that can either restore epithelial differentiation and function to normal or result in progressive fibrotic chronic kidney disease...

... Abstract Nucleotide excision repair (NER) of DNA-lesions is the most versatile DNA repairmechanism involved in genome maintenance, cell and organismal preservation. Decipheringthe stepwise mechanism of NER has mostly relied on cells from rare patients presenting photosensitive,recessively...