... situation. They claim for example that even if Little Red Riding Hood mistakenly thinks there is only her grandmother waiting for her inside the cottage and that she knows nothing about the wolf, she will still feel afraid. We review a variety of experiments in which children display this gap between...

... Abstract For several years, researchers have been trying to find a substitute for red blood cells (RBC). The developmentof chemical or natural molecules to replace hemoglobin has nevertheless proved difficult, andartificial blood is still unattainable. We have described a methodology permitting...

... Abstract Erythropoietin (EPO) and iron deficiency as causes of anemia in patients with limitedrenal function or end-stage renal disease are well addressed. The concomitant impairmentof red blood cell (RBC) survival has been largely neglected. Properties of the uremicenvironment like...

... Abstract In the current work, we review three situations where red cell volume changes areimportant. Red cell apoptosis (eryptosis) accounts for the removal of ageing and damagederythrocytes from the circulation by macrophages. Amongst other cellular responses, eryptosisis associated with net...