... function in models of AKI can be expected to provide insight into the pathogenesis and resolution of AKI. A major determinant of adequate organ function is the adequate oxygen (O 2 ) supply at the microcirculatory level and utilization at mitochondrial levels for ATP production needed for performing organ...

... Abstract A theoretical analysis is presented concerning the characteristics of membrane-covered polarographic oxygen electrodes mounted on the tip of a catheter for application to continuous recording in gases and fluids in vivo, particularly with regard to flow dependency and response time...

... have exponential increases in CMM. From this analyzed data and published data in the literature, the major risk factors of CMM appear to be light hair color, especially red and white hair (reactive oxygen species and UVA; 320–400 nm), low cutaneous vitamin D 3 levels, and HPV after 1960, while...

... Abstract The mechanism(s) of the endothelin (ET) and reactive oxygen species pathways in conjunction with the nitric oxide (NO) pathway that promote and/or blunt the progression of diabetic kidney disease have been the focus of many laboratories’ efforts to reveal new therapeutic targets...

... Abstract Oxidative stress defined as an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) surpassing existing antioxidative defense mechanisms plays a critical role in the development and progression of diabetic vascular complications including nephropathy. Over production of ROS...

... Abstract Oxygen is vital to life. A series of steps are needed to transport oxygen from the lungsto the mitochondrion where the bulk of it is used for generation of energy. Understanding thispathway, which still remains to be properly characterized, will greatly aid both diagnosis andmanagement...

... Abstract Evidence exists that physiologic aerobic fitness, defined by maximal oxygen uptakerelated to body mass (v̇O2 · kg-1), bears health implications for children as well as adults.Identifying secular trends in v̇ O2max · kg-1 is important, then, in assessing the impact ofsocio-cultural...

... that the tissue microenvironment of chronic pancreatitis provides factors thatfacilitate the initiation and promotion of cancer. In the present review, we compile evidenceto support the concept that reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase (a reactive oxygenspecies-generating system) play a key role...

... Abstract This article discusses different aspects concerning classification/nomenclature, biochemicalproperties and pathophysiological roles of ‘reactive oxygen species’ (ROS) whichare pivotal to interpret the concept of ‘oxidative stress’. In vitro studies in both the prokaryotesand eukaryotes...