... of dental caries lesions, oral hygiene, and pain guides the care plan. Depending on the severity of MIH and associated symptoms, intraoral radiographs and cone beam computed tomography may be necessary. In cases of scheduled extractions, extraoral radiographs, photographs, and study models are indicated...

... the acid impact. This chapter provides an updated, evidence-based understanding of the interactions between enamel and oral fluids. Abstract Despite all the current knowledge in cariology, research is still being carried out nowadays trying to make dental enamel resistant to dental caries. Since...

... Abstract Bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, viruses, and bacteriophages colonize the oral cavity and, in combination, they form the oral microbiome . The coexistence of different microorganisms and the microbial balance at each specific site are warranted by synergistic and antagonist...

... Abstract Dental caries is the most prevalent oral health disease and affects the health of individual and populations. The conventional disease metrics do not represent the impact of caries on people’s lives. Oral-health-related quality of life measures were developed to help understand which...

... Abstract More than 700 microbial species inhabit the complex environment of the oral cavity. For years microorganisms have been studied in pure cultures, a highly artificial situation because microorganisms in natural habitats grow as complex ecologies, termed biofilms. These resemble...

... Abstract Caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases have a high prevalence worldwide. Although improvements in oral health status in our patients have been shown, there is still an increased demand for preventive measurements – especially in view of the systemic influence of the chronic...

... Abstract The activity of mouthwash ingredients used in daily oral care (chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium chloride, povidone iodine solution, tea tree oil) and of nystatin was evaluated not only on planktonic Candida albicans or C. glabrata , but also on the inhibition of biofilm...

... of the pathophysiology of diabetes. Here, we focus on the circuitous and difficult development of the early and still extremely useful oral antidiabetic agents. Biguanides and Metformin Guanidine Derivatives: From Plants to Synthalins In traditional medicine, more than 400 plants have been described...

... Abstract An improvement in oral health, not least dental caries and periodontal disease, has been seen during the last 50 years. Oral health is essential for both general health and quality of life. The mouth is a window into the health of the body and signs of nutritional deficiencies can...

... deficiencies result in systemic complications, including the development of scurvy, rickets, pellagra, and beriberi. Some moderate and severe deficiencies also result in oral conditions. A lower intake of vitamin A has been associated with decreased oral epithelial development, impaired tooth formation, enamel...

... messages related to nutrition and diet. With the availability of high throughput, inexpensive and sometime “bed-side” technology, studies into the effect of diet on the aetiology of common oral diseases and oral conditions could now be easily carried out. It is becoming more and more convincing...

... Abstract Malnutrition can significantly affect oral health, and poor oral health in turn can result in malnutrition. This co-dependent relationship, therefore, relies on good nutritional health promoting good oral health and vice versa. A diet lacking nutrients can lead to disease progression...

... Abstract An individual’s oral health status has a profound impact on his/her acquisition and utilization of nutrients and interchangeably the nutrients an individual consumes determine the state of oral health by preventing tooth loss and oral diseases. Oral diseases have a considerable impact...

... carious process. However, the role of biofilm control in the management of dental caries has been questioned. This chapter will discuss the biofilm control and oral hygiene practices on root surfaces. Laboratory and clinical studies describing the effect of biofilm control and oral hygiene practices...

... Abstract Oral appliances that advance the mandible are widely used as alternatives to positive airway pressure (PAP) devices or as primary therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. Although PAP is more efficacious at lowering the polysomnographic indices of OSA, the clinical...

... Abstract Oral therapeutics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) include oral corticosteroids (OCS), antibiotics, antifungals and anti-leukotrienes. Of these treatments, the strongest evidence exists to support the use of a short course of OCS for treatment of CRSwNP, and OCS...