... of the lipid lamellae in the intercellular space of the stratum corneum (SC) and by quantitatively characterizing the composition of key SC lipids. Recently, the combination of a non-invasive lipid barrier visualization (Lipbarvis®) technique (SC sampling and morphometric analysis) and SC lipid composition...

... globule membranes (MFGM) contain a unique triple layer of phospholipids with different complex lipids, peptides, transport, and receptor molecules. MFGM appear to provide anti-infective protection and to support neurodevelopment. Introduction Fats provide a major part of the dietary energy supply...

...Key Messages Dietary lipid supply provides energy, essential substrates, and bioactive components that modulate tissue functions. Most dietary fat is provided as triacylglycerols, the properties of which are determined by their fatty acid composition. The long-chain polyunsaturated...

... Abstract Intravenous lipid emulsions (LEs) are relevant for patients receiving parenteral nutrition because they prevent the depletion of essential fatty acids (FAs) and, as a highly dense energy source, enable the reduction of glucose provision, thereby decreasing the risks of hyperglycemia...

... Abstract Fatty acids modulate the responses of cells of the immune system. Inflammatory and immune responses in patients receiving parenteral nutrition may be modulated by the type of lipid used, which may influence clinical outcomes. Lipid emulsions based solely upon soybean oil may...

... Abstract In the 20th century, the potential clinical application of lipid emulsions (LEs) for intravenous application was extensively studied, and this goal was eventually accomplished. The first safe LE for clinical use that was based on soybean oil was introduced in 1961. In the 1980s, LEs...

... Abstract While a number of pathways for the catabolism and tissue delivery of intravenous lipid emulsions are shared by chylomicrons, there are also important differences. The introduction of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and n-3 fatty acid-containing fish oils into lipid emulsions has...

... Abstract Parenteral nutrition (PN) in term newborns and older infants is often required for nutritional support for temporary or permanent intestinal failure from any reason. Lipid emulsions (LEs) are an essential source of high-density energy, essential fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins...

... or reversing cholestasis. This chapter aims to review both IF and PN related factors of liver disease with special emphasize on inflammation as cause of liver injury and on the use of fish oil based lipid emulsions as a provision of both alpha-tocopherol (200 g/l of 20% emulsion), as anti-oxidant agent...

... Abstract This chapter summarizes current knowledge regarding the interaction between lipid availability, endurance exercise, and insulin sensitivity. We discuss the role of lipid availability as a key mediator of insulin resistance in obesity, the proposed cellular mechanisms underlying...

... Abstract Lipids provide infants with most of their energy needs. The major portion of the fat in human milk is found in the form of triglycerides, the phospholipids and cholesterol contributing for only a small proportion of the total fat. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs...

... rates of LDL. The reviews some of the biochemistry of lipids in uremia and discusses the randomized trial data that support these statements and provides greater detail regarding use of statin in patients with stages 4 and 5 CKD. Caution should be used in dosing statins in stage 3b or higher CKD...

... traditional risk factors, lipid disturbances are very common in patients with chronic renal failure and PD patients have in general, compared to hemodialysis (HD) and nondialyzed patients, an even more atherogenic lipid profile. The pathogenesis of the lipid disturbances in PD patients is not completely...

... Abstract Understanding the importance of dietary fat has grown beyond energy metabolism to recognition of the complex roles of fatty acids, particularly the ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids in membrane lipids, inter- and intracellular communication and in regulating gene expression. The ω-6 and ω-3...

... An overview of the inherited lipid metabolic disorders with ichthyosis, which will be discussed in this chapter, is given in table 1 . Disorders of Fatty Acid Metabolism (Nonsyndromic) Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyoses Background The autosomal recessive congenital...