.... NIR used to have a bad reputation on the basis of past studies using high-intensity artificial light sources (above the solar IR-A irradiance threshold) at high doses leading to detrimental effects (i.e., upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1). However, when looking at the other side of the coin...

... and the palliation of bone metastasis. It is in the brain though, where therapeutic ultrasound arguably holds the most promising possibilities, including neuromodulation, focused ultrasound surgery, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Recent clinical trials of MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU...

... to planned targets; moreover, real-time monitoring of the sonication intensity is available via thermal imagery. These technical advancements have resulted in a noninvasive and image-guided procedure for brain surgery that obviates the need for open neurosurgical interventions. Our institution (Severance...

... Abstract Measurement of itch intensity is essential to properly evaluate pruritic disease severity, to understand the patients' needs and burden, and especially to assess treatment efficacy, particularly in clinical trials. However, measurement of itch remains a challenge, as, per definition...

... Abstract The idea to ablate brain tissue with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in a highly precise and localized manner is relatively old. For HIFU tissue ablation, ultrasound (US) waves are concentrated to a focal point. Due to US absorption, the focal area will be heated...

... sequelae. The principle of a reduced intensity-conditioning (RIC) regimen is to achieve a state of stable donor engraftment at a level sufficient to cure the underlying disease or ameliorate its clinical phenotype, while reducing the complications associated with myeloablative strategies. The use of RIC...

... Abstract Team sports are characterized by intermittent high-intensity activity patterns. Typically, play consists of short periods of very intense or all-out efforts interspersed with longer periods of low-intensity activity. Fatigue is a complex, multi-factorial process, but intense...

... Abstract High-intensity interval training (HIIT) refers to exercise that is characterized by relatively short bursts of vigorous activity, interspersed by periods of rest or low-intensity exercise for recovery. In untrained and recreationally active individuals, short-term HIIT is a potent...

... Abstract Carnosine is a dipeptide of β-alanine and <smlcap>L</smlcap>-histidine found in high concentrations in skeletal muscle. Combined with β-alanine, the pKa of the histidine imidazole ring is raised to ∼6.8, placing it within the muscle intracellular pH high-intensity exercise...

... Abstract Glycolysis involves the oxidation of two neutral hydroxyl groups on each glycosyl (or glucosyl) unit metabolised, yielding two carboxylic acid groups. During low-intensity exercise these, along with the remainder of the carbon skeleton, are further oxidised to CO 2 and water...

... Abstract Although in the past resistance and high-intensity exercise training among young children was the subject of numerous controversies, it is now well-documented that this training mode is a safe and effective means of developing maximal strength, maximal power output and athletic...

... Abstract Tai Chi Chuan (TC) is a Chinese conditioning exercise and is well-known for itsgraceful movement. The exercise intensity of TC depends on its training style, posture andduration. Variation in training approaches result in substantial differences in exercise intensity.We have measured...

... Abstract In this paper, the current state of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning systems is reviewed, including some inefficiencies along with useful workarounds and potential advances. Common obstacles in IMRT treatment planning are discussed, including problems due...

... Abstract Delineation of the targets for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of the head and neck is a crucial step in treatment planning, determining the risks of marginal or out-of-field local/regional recurrences. Delineation of the gross tumor volumes needs to take into account both...

... Abstract Radiation therapy is a key component of the multidisciplinary treatment of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal carcinomas, which are ideal tumors for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) because of their location and intimate relationship to the surrounding critical structures...

... of many normal tissues with a low tolerance to radiation. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) can facilitate normal tissue sparing and dose escalation to these tumors, which has the potential to reduce toxicity and improve local control. Planning studies have demonstrated the potential for dose...