... Abstract Increasing evidence indicates that early metabolic programming contributes to escalating obesity rates in children and adults. Metabolic imprinting is involved in the establishment of set points for physiologic and metabolic responses in adulthood. Evidence from epidemiological studies...

... Abstract Genomic imprinting results in the deliberate silencing of alleles, dictated by their parental origin, butreversible on passage through the germ line. In this chapter, we shall consider the functional propertiesof imprinted genes, why these genes might have been singled out...

... in ways which are influenced or mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The latter include DNA methylation, covalent modifications of histones and non-coding RNAs. Most is known about DNA methylation changes, which are gene specific, include effects on non-imprinted genes and function at the level...

... Abstract Imprinted genes are expressed from only one of the two parental alleles. A consequence of genomic imprinting is that viable embryos must receive two haploid genome complements from parents of opposite sex. The parental-specific expression is obtained through epigenetic modifications...

... Abstract Fetal growth is a complex process involving environmental, epigenetic and genetic factors. Fetal growth restriction is associated with morbidity among small for gestational age (SGA) neonates as well as in children and adults who were former SGA. Imprinted genes (whose expression...

... Abstract Fetal growth is a complex process. Its restriction is associated with morbidity and long term metabolic consequences. Imprinted genes have a critical role in mammalian fetal growth. The human chromosome 11p15 encompasses two imprinted domains regulated by their own differentially...

... Abstract Human growth is a complex process and requires the appropriate interaction of many members. Central members in the growth axes are regulated epigenetically and thereby reflect the profound significance of imprinting for correct mammalian ontogenesis. A prominent imprinting disorder...

... Abstract There are at least 6 well-studied imprinting domains on human autosomes. Each domain is under theregulatory control of an ‘imprinting centre’ that harbours a differentially methylated region. A numberof molecular mechanisms result in differential silencing of some genes within...

... of the genes which, when mutated, cause amelogenesis imperfecta and discusses how mechanisms involving hypomorphic alleles in one or more genes, methylation changes, and imprinting disorders could be underlying individual susceptibility to dental caries and/or erosive tooth wear. Abstract Mutations...

... imprinting centres work. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006;113:81-89 4. Morgan HD, Santos F, Green K, et al: Epigenetic reprogramming in mammals. Hum Mol Genet 2005;14:R47-R58 5. Surani MA, Hayashi K, Hajkova P: Genetic and epigenetic regulators of pluripotency. Cell 2007;128:747-762 6. Thorvaldsen JL...

... of spontaneous abortions and imprinting disorders. Here we present an overview of the important epigenetic changes that occur to male PGCs until the reprogramming of the preimplantation embryo. In addition, we also highlight the errors in the epigenetic signatures and their consequences. The term...

... imprinting centers work. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006;113:81-89 4. Morgan HD, Santos F, Green K, et al: Epigenetic reprogramming in mammals. Hum Mol Genet 2005;14:R47-R58 5. Surani MA, Hayashi K, Hajkova P: Genetic and epigenetic regulators of pluripotency. Cell 2007;128:747-762 6. Thorvaldsen JL...

...:824-829 9. Mantovani G, Maghnie M, Weber G, De Menis E, Brunelli V, Cappa M, Loli P, Beck-Peccoz P, Spada A: Growth hormone-releasing hormone resistance in pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia: new evidence for imprinting of the Gs alpha gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:4070-4074 10. Germain...

... on the existence of additional clinical features, such as resistance to other hormones and Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy, and underlying molecular defects. Genetic mutations responsible for the different subtypes of PHP type I involve the GNAS complex locus, an imprinted gene encoding the α-subunit...

..., Clark AT: The ontogeny of cKIT+ human primordial germ cells proves to be a resource for human germ line reprogramming, imprint erasure and in vitro differentiation. Nat Cell Biol 2013;15:113-122. 5. Lachner M, Jenuwein T: The many faces of histone lysine methylation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2002;14:286...

... Abstract The parent-of-origin-dependent expression of IGF2 and H19 is controlled by the imprinting center 1 (IC1) consisting of a methylation-sensitive chromatin insulator. IC1 is normally methylated on the paternal chromosome and nonmethylated on the maternal chromosome. We found that 22...

... surface of rats. Methods: Animals were divided into 5 groups of20 rats each. Group 1 - control unexposed animals: mesothelial cell imprints were taken after1 (5 rats), 5 (5 rats), and 15 (10 rats) days following the procedure of exfoliation. Group 2 -sham injected animals. Group 3 - rats IP injected once...

... cases of BWS. The loss of heterozygosity in the imprinted 11p15.5 region bearing genes involved in tumor suppression and cell proliferation explains the histopathological findings of FoHI, while the paternally inherited K ATP channel mutation reduced to homozygosity within the beta-cells of the focal...