... of the 5Ws of EN - ‘Who, Why, When, Where and What'. Definition of Enteral Nutrition According to ASPEN (American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition), EN is the provision of nutrients via the gastrointestinal tract (through a feeding tube, catheter or stoma) and is the preferred route...

... and critical illness, or are a result of medication therapies or enteral feeding complications. Inadequate energy intake in the first 7 days following extubation have recently been described. It would be highly beneficial to determine when it is best to initiate timely oral alimentation for recovering...

... modifications of formula for infants should be guided not only by similarity to human milk, but by indications of improved infant outcomes. Introduction Breastfeeding is the best choice for infant feeding and provides multiple benefits for child health, hence breastfeeding needs to be actively promoted...

... Infant and young child nutrition Iron Micronutrients Nutritional requirements Vegetarian diet Baby-led weaning Key Messages Most of childhood growth faltering, stunting, and micronutrient deficiencies develop during the complementary feeding period from about 6 to 24 months...

... and length gain, and in smaller infants greated head circumference gain, were observed, along with indications for possible benefits on early visual development and later lung function. Feeding nutrient-enriched formula to very preterm infants after discharge, as compared to standard infant formula, may...

... Abstract Human milk is considered as the gold standard for infant feeding. Breastfeeding advantages extend beyond the properties of human milk itself. A complex of nutritional, environmental, socioeconomic, psychological as well as genetic interactions establish a massive list of benefits...

... pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Cronobacter spp.). Powdered formula should always be freshly prepared prior to feeding Infant Formula Breastfeeding is the best choice for infant feeding and provides multiple benefits for children's health [ 1 ]. Therefore, breastfeeding should be actively promoted...

... for the lymphoid tissue and improve the balanceof pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Enteral polymeric feeding is effective inCrohn’s disease. Dietary nucleotides may improve growth and immunity, optimizematuration, recovery and function of rapidly dividing tissue. Adequate dietary lipidsare important not just...

... Abstract Child eating behaviors contribute to individual variability in weight status and are influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Feeding practices have been identified as a potentially modifiable factor that can influence children's dietary intake and eating...

... Abstract The complementary feeding period is a short transitional period from breastfeeding and formula feeding to family foods. Timing, quantity, and quality are implied to impact growth and obesity risk. We summarized the literature and analyzed data of monthly 3-day food diaries of >1,000...

... Feeding problems Food refusal Pickiness Responsive feeding Key Messages • Children acquire independence in feeding skills during the first 2 years of life and can start to self-feed within the first year • Feeding problems (food refusal, pickiness, and disruptive mealtime...

... Abstract The relationship between complementary feeding and the development of atopic disease is the source of significant interest and debate in both the scientific and lay communities. A small number of early studies, which had considerable influence on recommended feeding practices, reported...

...Key Messages Parents have the right for information and an active role in care, as they are the main caregivers for their infant. Feeding an infant directly fulfills the parents’ need of taking care and facilitates bonding between parents and infant. Early involvement of parents...

...Key Messages Standardized feeding protocols improve outcomes of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Simply having a feeding protocol is more important than the individual components of the protocol – despite wide variability in protocols, there is overwhelming evidence...