... and the Marine, Ireland, funded SMARTFOOD:Science Based “Intelligent”/Functional and Medical Foods for Optimum Brain Health, Targeting Depression and Cognition (2013–2017). References References 1. Clarke G, Stilling RM, Kennedy PJ, Stanton C, Cryan JF, Dinan TG: Minireview: Gut microbiota: the neglected...

..., Azmin S, Razlan H, Yahya NW, Tan HJ, Manaf MR, et al: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection improves levodopa action, clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One 2014;9:e112330. 109. Clarke G, Sandhu KV, Griffin BT, Dinan TG, Cryan JF, Hyland NP: Gut...

.... This is regarded as the most potent activating mechanism of the stress system and may be of relevance in conditions such as the depression that emerges with interferon therapy for hepatitis and melanoma [ 11 ]. Microbiota in Depression Dinan and colleagues [ 12 ] studied the gut microbiota in a maternal...

...References References 1. El Aidy S, Dinan TG, Cryan JF: Gut microbiota: the conductor in the orchestra of immune-neuroendocrine communication. Clin Ther 2015;37:954–967. 2. Grenham S, Clarke G, Cryan JF, Dinan TG: Brain-gut-microbe communication in health and disease. Front Physiol 2011;2...

...-28. 5. Cryan JF, Dinan TG: More than a gut feeling: the microbiota regulates neurodevelopment and behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015;40:241-242. 6. Mayer EA, Knight R, Mazmanian SK, Cryan JF, Tillisch K: Gut microbes and the brain: paradigm shift in neuroscience. J Neurosci 2014;34:15490...

.... 24. Kessler RC, Bromet EJ: The epidemiology of depression across cultures. Annu Rev Public Health 2013;34:119-138. 25. Xiang X, An R: Depression and onset of cardiovascular disease in the US middle-aged and older adults. Aging Ment Health 2015, pp 1-9. 26. Dinan TG, Cryan JF: Melancholic...

...-enteric microbiota axis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009;6:306-314. 7. O'Mahony SM, Hyland NP, Dinan TG, Cryan JF: Maternal separation as a model of brain-gut axis dysfunction. Psychopharmacology 2011;214:71-88. 8. Bercik P, Denou E, Collins J, Jackson W, Lu J, Jury J, Deng Y, Blennerhassett P...

... ] also reported a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key neurotrophin involved in neuronal growth and survival, and expression of the NMDA receptor subunit 2a (NR2a) in the cortex and hippocampus of GF animals compared to SPF controls. Dinan and Cryan [ 22 ] provide a comprehensive...

... peripheral plasma levels of AVP and hypercortisolaemia in patients with unipolar depression. A post-mortem study of depressed subjects reported an increased number of AVP-expressing neurones in paraventricular hypothalamic neurones [ 26 , 27 ]. Dinan et al. [ 28 ] examined a cohort of depressed subjects...

...References References 1. O'Mahony SM, Hyland NP, Dinan TG, Cryan JF: Maternal separation as a model of brain-gut axis dysfunction. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011;214:71-88 2. Rhee SH, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA: Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis...

...References References 1. Rubin RT, Dinan TG, Scott LV: The neuroendorinology of affective disorders. (eds) Pfaff D, Arnold AP, Etgen AM, Fahrbach SE, Moss RL, Rubin RT: Hormones, Brain and Behaviour New York, Academic Press, 2001; 2. de Wied D, Diamant M, Fodor M: Central nervous system...

...References References 1. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF: Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic. Biol Psychiatry 2013;74:720–726. 2. Kali A: Psychobiotics: an emerging probiotic in psychiatric practice. Biomed J 2016:39:223–224. 3. Berdoy M, Webster JP, Macdonald DW: Fatal...

..., Rawls JF, Poulton S, et al: Got worms? Perinatal exposure to helminths prevents persistent immune sensitization and cognitive dysfunction induced by early-life infection. Brain Behav Immun 2016;51:14-28. 5. Cryan JF, Dinan TG: More than a gut feeling: the microbiota regulates neurodevelopment...

... adults. Aging Ment Health 2015, pp 1-9. 26. Dinan TG, Cryan JF: Melancholic microbes: a link between gut microbiota and depression? Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013;25:713-719. 27. Finn DP, Viveros MP, Marco EM: The endocannabinoid system and emotional processing: pathophysiology and therapeutic...

... Microbe 2008;3:417-427. 6. Rhee SH, Pothoulakis C, Mayer EA: Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009;6:306-314. 7. O'Mahony SM, Hyland NP, Dinan TG, Cryan JF: Maternal separation as a model of brain-gut axis dysfunction...

... homeostasis. Cell 2014;159:514–529. 20. Wheless JW: History of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsia 2008;49:3–5. 21. Olson CA, Vuong HE, Yano JM, Liang QY, Nusbaum DJ, Hsiao EY: The gut microbiota mediates the anti-seizure effects of the ketogenic diet. Cell 2018;173:1728–1741. 22. Dinan TG, Cryan JF...

...References References 1. Mayer EA: Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut-brain communication. Nat Rev Neurosci 2011;12:453-466. 2. Cryan JF, Dinan TG: Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2012;13:701-712. 3. de Vos...

... regarding how microbes influence behaviour the goal will be to harness this knowledge and specifically target the intestinal microbes for the treatment of brain-focussed disease. References References 1. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF: Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic. Biol Psychiatry...

...References References 1. Clarke G, Stilling RM, Kennedy PJ, Stanton C, Cryan JF, Dinan TG: Minireview: Gut microbiota: the neglected endocrine organ. Mol Endocrinol 2014;28:1221–1238. 2. Neish AS: Mucosal immunity and the microbiome. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014;11(suppl. 1):S28–S32. 3...