...-cyclodextrin nanoparticle eyedrop suspensions are discussed as an example of nanotechnology used for drug delivery to the eye. Drug treatment of retinal diseases is hampered by difficulties in drug delivery. Conventional eyedrops are rather ineffective in delivering drugs to the retina and systemic...

..., Sigurdardottir AM, Stefansson E, Loftsson T: Dexamethasone-cyclodextrin-polymer co-complexes in aqueous eye drops. Aqueous humor pharmacokinetics in humans. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1996;37:1199-1203. 17. Li CC, Abrahamson M, Kapoor Y, Chauhan A: Timolol transport from microemulsions trapped in HEMA gels. J...

... [ 17 ], whereas GII.17 (Kawasaki, 2015) did not bind to any of these. Avidity Overrides Affinity: Dendrimers of α-L-Fucose Linked to α-Cyclodextrin Cyclodextrins (CDs) are formed biotechnologically during enzymatic degradation of starch, and the safe α- and γ-CDs play an important role in food...

..., but emerging technologies are now making inroads in the field of dentistry offering new possibilities for processing novel oral delivery systems based on cyclodextrins and liposomes. Cyclodextrins consist of cyclic oligosaccharides of five or more α-1,4-linked D -glucopyranose units that are able to form...

...: Improvement of tetracaine antinociceptive effect by inclusion in cyclodextrins. J Drug Target 2012;20:85-96. 24. Felice B, Prabhakaran MP, Rodríguez AP, Ramakrishna S: Drug delivery vehicles on a nano-engineering perspective. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2014;41:178-195. 25. De Paula E, Cereda CM...

..., Ásgrímsdóttir GM, Lund SH, Loftsson T, Stefánsson E: Topical dexamethasone γ-cyclodextrin nanoparticle eye drops increase visual acuity and decrease macular thickness in diabetic macular oedema. Acta Ophthalmol 2015;93:610-615. 45. Kalita D, Shome D, Jain VG, Chadha K, Bellare JR: In vivo intraocular...

... vesicles), emulsions (micro- and nanoemulsions), and solid particulate systems (microparticles, nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles [SLNs], and cyclodextrin complexes). Novel delivery systems and their effectiveness in improving the endurability and steadiness of retinoids in acne treatment has...

... Thromb Vasc Biol 2009;29:431-438. 149. Fielding CJ, Fielding PE: Cellular cholesterol efflux. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001;1533:175-189. 150. Abi-Mosleh L, Infante RE, Radhakrishnan A, Goldstein JL, Brown MS: Cyclodextrin overcomes deficient lysosome-to-endoplasmic reticulum transport of cholesterol...

... than increased cholesterol synthesis [ 144 , 154 ]. In agreement with this observation, the capacity of serum from patients with type 2 diabetes to induce cellular cholesterol efflux is impaired [ 155 ], and we showed that targeting reverse cholesterol transport with cyclodextrin rather than targeting...

... for DME treatment [ 53 ]. Inhibitors of TNFα and angiopoietin-2 are also being explored as therapy for DME. In addition to new drugs, new methods of drug delivery are also being developed. For example, a recent study has investigated the use of topical 1.5% dexamethasone γ-cyclodextrin nanoparticle...

...-cyclodextrin nanoparticle eye drops increase visual acuity and decrease macular thickness in diabetic macular oedema. Acta Ophthalmol 2015;93:610-615. 54. Humayun M, Santos A, Altamirano JC, Ribeiro R, Gonzalez R, de la Rosa A, Shih J, Pang C, Jiang F, Calvillo P, Huculak J, Zimmerman J, Caffey S...

... Drug-laden nanoparticles can also be used as long-term reservoirs that slowly release active drugs. These do not enable monitoring of their drug levels as above. Also, nanoparticles are not only intended for intravitreal injection. 1.5% dexamethasone γ-cyclodextrin nanoparticle eye drops have been...

... in other invaginations on the cell surface. The caveolae-disrupting agents, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD) and nystatin significantly decreased albumin internalization into glomerular endothelial cells, demonstrated by western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses. Upon siRNA knockdown of Cav-1...

... and hence bio-availability of such drugs. Using salt formation, cosolvents, micellar solutions or inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins, there have been attempts to solubilize and stabilize these drugs. Unfortunately the increased amount of ingredients required to formulate the poorly water-soluble...

... methyl β-cyclodextrin, which is thought to selectively disrupt lipid rafts [ 110 ]. NRP1 trafficking in response to both VEGF-A 165 and Sema 3C was significantly slower in endothelial cells lacking synectin, and synectin -/- endothelial cells also lacked a chemorepellent response to Sema3C, suggesting...