... Photoreceptor Disruption Introduction Macular injuries after head or eye contusion can consist in a variety of visible lesions, including not only a photoreceptor disruption, but also abnormalities such as retinal or vitreous hemorrhages, macular edema, RPE rip, choroidal neovascularization, macular...

... Abstract Head injury is the leading cause of posttraumatic anosmia. Complete or partial loss ofolfactory function may occur when the nasal passages are blocked, olfactory nerves are injuredor there are contusions or hemorrhages in olfactory centers of the brain. Evaluation of patientswith...

... andankle joints) is most frequently injured. Football injuries are much more common in gamesthan in practice, and occur to players who are being tackled, tackling or blocking. Mostinjuries are mild, including contusion, strain and sprain. Rule changes with the prohibitionof initial contact with the helmet...

... mostcommonly reported injuries were sprains/strains and contusions. Players competing at theMinor hockey, High School, and Junior levels of competition sustained most of their injuriesto the upper extremity, head, and lower extremity, respectively. The primary mechanism ofinjury was body checking, followed...

... hours to 14.8 per 1,000 game hours.Similar to adults, youth soccer injuries occur mostly in the lower extremities, specifically theknee and ankle. Contusions are the most common injury, and minor/moderate injuriespredominate. Extrinsic risk factors for youth soccer include: dangerous play, play...

..., Zheng L, Zhang Z, Dai R, Dong F: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography characteristics of macular contusion trauma. Ophthalmic Res 2012;47:220-224. 5. Delori F, Pomerantzeff O, Cox MS: Deformation of the globe under high-speed impact: it relation to contusion injuries. Invest Ophthalmol...

... damage and deficits in other parts of the body [ 3 ]. In fact, the papyrus contains the first descriptions of the brain, the dura, and the cerebrospinal fluid as well as the brain's pulsations, and it details contusions resulting from traumatic brain injury, revealing a more or less sophisticated...

... Course San Francisco, American Academy of Ophthalmology, 3. Kennedy CJ, Parker CE, McAllister IL: Retinal detachment caused by retinal dialysis. Aust NZ J Ophthalmol 1997;25:25-30 4. Cox MS, Schepens CL, Freeman HM: Retinal detachment due to ocular contusion. Arch Ophthalmol 1966;76:678-685 5...

.... Indeed several papers purely focus on fractures suffered during skateboarding and do not cover other major injuries such as those to the internal organs or the brain, or minor injuries such as sprains and contusions. As shown in table 2 , the forearm and wrist area is the most commonly injured...

... Science Course San Francisco, American Academy of Ophthalmology, 3. Kennedy CJ, Parker CE, McAllister IL: Retinal detachment caused by retinal dialysis. Aust NZ J Ophthalmol 1997;25:25-30 4. Cox MS, Schepens CL, Freeman HM: Retinal detachment due to ocular contusion. Arch Ophthalmol 1966;76:678...

...) Senile, (3) Traumatic, (e.g., contusion, head injury), (4) Plethoric (i.e., an excess of blood, or fullness of blood vessels due to suppressed blood flow), (5) Pathematic (from emotional suffering or afflictions of the spirit, following strong emotions such as fear, terror or chagrin), (6) Cephalalgic...

... , only two studies reported the type of injury among kite surfers. Ashby and Cassell [ 21 ] reported more fractures (37.6%) than Nickel et al. [ 5 ] possibly due to the different data collection methods used, while Nickel et al. reported contusions to be more common (33.8%). As the former study reviewed...

..., macular oedema, choroidal rupture, and optic nerve contusion or devascularisation. Pain in attempted up- or down-gaze indicates that the muscle or fascia is entrapped or impinged on by the sharp edges of the fractured bone. Hyperesthesia results from injury to the infraorbital nerve. Periorbital...