... Abstract Cleft lip and palate is the most common craniofacial birth defect and its etiology has been the focus of many reports in the literature. It is well accepted that both genetics and environment play a role in the condition, however we still have not been able to translate what have been...

... Abstract Vertebrate and invertebrate model organisms are essential for deciphering biological processes. One of these, the mouse, proved to be a valuable model for understanding the etiopathogenesis of a vast array of human diseases, including congenital malformations such as orofacial clefting...

... Abstract In the management of children born with orofacial clefting there is a danger that the information on genetic and environmental influences together with data emerging from randomized controlled trials are divorced from the current reality of clinical care. It is important that treatment...

... Abstract Surgical cleft repair aims to restore function of the oro-nasal sphincter and oro-nasal soft tissues and re-establish the complex relationship between perioral and perinasal muscle rings without compromising subsequent mid-facial growth and development. Here we review the surgical...

... Abstract The orthodontic treatment of patients with all types of cleft lip and palate, a resume of facial growth and discussion on dental and occlusal development is presented. A fully integrated cleft team provides life-long interdisciplinary holistic treatment for patients born...

... Abstract This chapter describes the normal development of speech and speech problems that may arise for the child born with cleft lip and/or palate. It describes current trends and the importance of multidisciplinary working in this complex field. The contribution of the speech and language...

... Abstract Laryngeal cleft, first described by Richter in 1792, is a rarecongenital malformation. Diagnosis can be challenging and is contingent upon a high index of suspicion based on clinical presentation, interpretation of preoperative studies and a thorough endoscopic evaluation under general...

... Abstract Rathke’s cleft cysts are typically regarded as benign cystic lesions of the sella that mayaffect the pituitary gland and on occasion the visual apparatus. They are most commonly incidentaland rarely of clinical significance. As medical neuroimaging and surgical technologieshave rapidly...

... Abstract Classical descriptive epidemiology in the field of cleft lip and palate aims to quantify the problem, and in the higher income countries it is possible to do this with varying degrees of accuracy. This is not however possible in every country in the world, and epidemiology should seek...

... Abstract Normal development of the palate depends on spatial and temporal coordination of complex cellular processes and tissue-tissue interactions. Because these processes are quite sensitive to environmental and genetic perturbation, clefts of the palate are among the most common congenital...

... be different between left and right molars [ 14 ]. There is a possibility that close to subclinical forms of MIH exist which are not easily identified. This would affect population estimates and estimates by subgroups. MIH environmental factors and association with cleft lip and palate will be discussed...

... to caries but individuals born with clefts are not. Int J Dent. 2011;2011:454532. 20. Milgrom P, Reisine S. Oral health in the United States: The post-fluoride generation. Annu Rev Public Health. 2020 May;21:403–36. 21. Hunt HR, Hoppert CA, Rosen S. The effectiveness of selection in producing...