... Abstract Dietary <smlcap>l</smlcap>-citrulline malate supplements may increase levels of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, although this response has not been related to an improvement in athletic performance. NO plays an important role in many functions in the body regulating...

... Abstract Both leucine and citrulline stimulate muscle protein synthesis, in part through a common mechanism of action mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway. Both leucine- and citrulline-enriched diets improve nutritional status in various experimental models of injury. However, in the context...

... Abstract SummaryIn 1977, Rogers, Harding, and Llewellyn-Smith described an enzymic activity in hair follicles which has the property of converting arginine to citrulline in situ in proteins. The protein precursor substrate in the hair follicle was identified as trichohyalin in the inner root...

... Abstract Arginine is an important amino acid during disease and healing because of functions in the immune system and as precursor of nitric oxide (NO). In critically ill adults and children, plasma arginine and citrulline concentrations are substantially decreased, indicating an arginine...

... tolerance and insulin sensitivity in sedentary healthy males undergoing aerobic training. Amino Acids 2008;34:245-250 14. Curis E, Nicolis I, Moinard C, Osowska S, Zerrouk N, Benazeth S, Cynober L: Almost all about citrulline in mammals. Amino Acids 2005;29:177-205 15. Kamoun P, Rabier D, Bardet J...

... G, Deutz NEP: Reduced citrulline production in sepsis is related to diminished de novo arginine and nitric oxide production. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89:142-152 24. Crenn P, Hanachi M, Neveux N, Cynober L: La citrullinemie: un biomarqueur de la fonctionnalite intestinale. Ann Biol Clin 2011;69:513...

..., Poeze M, Ramsay G, et al: Reduced citrulline production in sepsis is related to diminished de novo arginine and nitric oxide production . Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89:142-152. 10. Villalpando S, Gopal J, Balasubramanyam A, et al: In vivo arginine production and intravascular nitric oxide synthesis...

.... mutans and S. sobrinus , synthesize the metabolite citrulline and increase the pH of the environment. In defined multispecies biofilms consisting of ADS-positive and ADS-negative streptococci, supplementation with 1.5% arginine suppressed the growth of ADS-negative by favoring ADS-positive streptococci...

... the intermediate N-hydroxy- L -arginine (NOHA) to form NO and L -citrulline using oxygen and NADPH as cosubstrates. Three NOS mammalian isoenzymes have been identified with varying distributions and production of NO. Neuronal (nNOS or NOS I) and endothelial (eNOS or NOS III) NOS are constitutively expressed (cNOS...

... gradually increased in radioactivity. The major radioactive substances in Fr. I at 72 hrs were identified as 3H-histidine and 3H-urocanic acid when 3H-histidine was used as a tracer, and as 3H-arginine, 3H-ornithine, and 3H-citrulline in the case of 3H-arginine. The amino acid composition of the histidine...

... 2001;7:958s-965s. 19. Bansal V, Rodriguez P, Wu G, et al: Citrulline can preserve proliferation and prevent the loss of CD3 zeta chain under conditions of low arginine. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2004;28:423-430. 20. Munera V, Popovic PJ, Bryk J, et al: Stat 6-dependent induction of myeloid...

... into citrulline and arginosuccinate. L -Citrulline may be given as an alternative to arginine in ornithine carbamoyltransferase and carbamoyl-phosphate synthase deficiency [ 7 ]. Disorders of Fatty Acid Oxidation Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation is required for energy during fasting, either through...

... trauma can be associated with a state of arginine deficiency. Data reported during this meeting for example, demonstrate that arginine and citrulline (the amino acid precursor for arginine) drop significantly during sepsis and may worsen prognosis in this illness (Carlijn de Betue) . Glutamine...

... persistently low for up to one week or more (fig. 1 a) [ 5 ]. In contrast, in mice with only a moderate injury, arginine plasma levels recover in less than 24 h (fig. 1 b) [ 6 ]. Fig. 1 a Arginine plasma levels drop within hours after trauma and remain decreased for at least one week. Citrulline...

... benzoate) and arginine (except in arginase deficiency). L-Citrulline may be given as an alternative to arginine in ornithine carbamoyltransferase and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase deficiency [ 9 ]. Disorders of Fatty Acid Oxidation Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation is required for energy...