... Abstract In the near future it is likely that surgeons, anesthesiologists, and interventional radiologistsand cardiologists will care for increasing numbers of patients undergoing carotidendarterectomy (CEA) and carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS). Perhaps the most importantfactor...

... and heart failure despite the wide availability of therapeutic agents and dietary and lifestyle modification. Device-based therapy by baroreflex activation via carotid sinus/nerve stimulation is currently undergoing investigation, and promising findings from clinical trials have been published. Baroreflex...

... Abstract Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a validated predictive marker of increased plaque occurrence and the incidence of major cardiovascular events. However, due to technical issues associated with the measurement of CIMT, a well-trained and certified sonographer is needed...

... Abstract Clinical manifestations of acute internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion are the most variable among all cerebrovascular syndromes. This extreme variability is related essentially to three variables: collateral circulation, cerebral vasoreactivity with hemodynamic factors...

... Abstract Assessment of intima-media thickness or of measures of large arteries compliancemay identify patients at increased risk for stroke. In fact, carotid atherosclerosis and arterialstiffness are both related to risk factors associated with the occurrence of stroke. Inaddition, several...

... Abstract Ultrasonic techniques can determine both the presence and degree of atheroscleroticlesions around the internal carotid artery bifurcation with a high degree of accuracy. Carriedout by experienced sonographers, who are aware of the relevant limitations and the most commonpitfalls...

... Abstract This chapter summarizes the diagnostic criteria and reliability of ultrasound detectionof intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae (DAVF), carotid-cavernous fistulae (CCF), andparagangliomas. In arteries feeding DAVF ultrasound shows increased blood flow, systolicand, especially, end...

... Abstract Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery (sICAD) causes, in more than 90% of patients, carotid territory ischemia, local signs and symptoms on the side of dissection, or both, whereas the remaining sICAD remain clinically asymptomatic. Local signs and symptoms...

... of cervical artery dissection. In addition the typical CTA appearance of cervical artery dissections is described, and exemplified in various clinical examples. MR angiography remains the method of choice for the exclusion of carotid artery dissection. Multidetector CTA has to be regarded as a safe...