... Abstract Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a diagnostic procedure used to recover cellular and non-cellular components of the epithelial lining fluid from the alveolar and bronchial airspaces. Two types of the procedure have been described: bronchoscopic and non-bronchoscopic BAL. The preferred...

... Abstract Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) - an easily performed andwell-tolerated procedure - can retrieve cells and solutes fromthe lower respiratory tract.When applied according to standardizedprotocols and considered in the context of other information(gained from conventional ancillary...

... Abstract This review examines the utility of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in paediatric lung transplant recipients and other immunosuppressed children, including indications and contraindications, risk-benefits and potential complications of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and transbronchial biopsy...

... lavage (BAL) cytological and culture assessments allow for identification and confirmation of specific conditions and organisms. Bronchoscopy is not indicated in all chronic coughs but is necessary where the chronic cough is unresolving and wet, has otherwise atypical features, associated...

... pressure and blood WBC counts were monitored serially for 8 hours. Lung edema (wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratios) and the concentration ratio of 125I-labeled albumin in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue compared to plasma, 125I-albumin BAL/plasma, 125I-albumin lung/plasma) were examined...

... lavage (BAL) and endobronchial biopsy that help to complete the diagnostic evaluation and complement the findings with information from more peripheral airways. The study of the BAL fluid and bronchial mucosal biopsy have recently begun to contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology...

... bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), but also any other procedures being contemplated. Most bronchoscopists learn these skills on airway phantoms, animals, adult patients and finally while being carefully supervised during paediatric bronchoscopy. There is no real evidence as to how many procedures need to be performed...

...References References 1. Sack RA, Nunes I, Beaton A, Morris C: Host-defense mechanism of the ocular surfaces. Biosci Rep 2001;21:463-480 2. Bals R: Epithelial antimicrobial peptides in host defense against infection. Respir Res 2000;1:141-150 3. van’t Hof W, Veerman ECI, Helmerhorst...

... (BAL), e.g. atelectasis or pneumonia, but most of them are not candidates due to the small size of their airways (especially when they are intubated) that prohibits the use of virtually all bronchoscopes with a suction channel. Thus, FFB in the neonatal ICU is performed primarily for inspection...

...References References 1. Klech H, Pohl W: European Society of Pneumology Task Group on BAL: Technical recommendations and guidelines for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Eur Respir J 1989;2:561-285 2. De Blic J, Midulla F, Barbato A, Clement A, Dab I, Eber E, Green C, Grigg J, Kotecha S...

... antibiotic therapy [chapter 15, this vol., pp. 156-172]. Bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) allows direct sampling of the involved lobe [ 10 ]. Value of Bronchoscopy in the Treatment of Atelectasis In an attempt to re-inflate an atelectatic lobe, repeated ‘therapeutic’ small-volume lavage...