Search Results for anxiety

... Abstract Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is being investigated as a treatmentof psychiatric disorders. This chapter reviews publications of the treatment of anxiety disorders:obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and panic disorder(PD...

... Abstract Understanding how the microbiome influences health and disease has emerged as an important area of research across all domains of biomedical and health sciences. An extensive body of work in animal models has established a link between the gut microbiome and anxiety-like behaviour...

... Abstract Comorbidity between major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety (generalized anxiety, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder) and pain is a major complicating factor in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Although numerous neurotransmitters...

... Abstract In this article, the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders (in particular generalized anxiety disorder) and pain conditions is described, characteristics of chronic pain are explained, and data on the prevalence of co-comorbidity of both conditions are reviewed. Further, hypotheses...

... Abstract The strong association between a heritable collagen condition and anxiety was an unexpected finding that we first described in 1988 at the Hospital del Mar in Barcelona. Since then, several clinical and nonclinical studies have been carried out. In this paper, after summarizing...

... Abstract Anxiety and related disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders in the general population. There is a strong bidirectional association between anxiety and related disorders and co-occurring general medical conditions. The co-occurrence of anxiety and related disorders and general...

... Abstract With a frequent occurrence of approximately 10.6% in adult populations, anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health problems worldwide. Although anxiety disorders are rather prevalent, their underlying biochemical mechanisms remain unclear. As a functional endpoint of all...

... Abstract Anxiety is a pervasive, impairing, and early appearing form of psychopathology. Even when anxiety remits, children remain at a two- to threefold increased risk for the later emergence of a mood disorder. Therefore, it is imperative to identify and examine underlying mechanisms that may...

... Abstract There is growing interest in the application of evolutionary theory to medicine. In this review, we outline an evolutionary approach to the anxiety disorders. We begin by considering the nature of fear and anxiety, and their evolutionary benefits. We emphasize that fear and anxiety...

... Abstract Presently available clinical genetic studies point to a considerable heritability of anxiety disorders (30-67%), with multiple vulnerability genes such as 5-HT 1A , 5-HTT, MAO-A, COMT, CCK-B, ADORA2A, CRHR1, FKBP5, ACE, RGS2/7 and NPSR1 suggested by molecular genetic association...

... with anxiety disorders are reviewed. We performed a meta-analysis of symptom provocation studies, where neural activity was measured using fMRI, PET or SPECT to test the hypothesis that prefrontal regions modulate amygdala activity. Data revealed that reactivity in the amygdala was enhanced in patients...

... on neuroinflammatory hypothesis in anxiety disorders, and provides an overview of current research evidence on inflammatory responses in anxious state and anxiety disorders. Research suggestions are recommended, including study design, risk factors, medication effects, and measurement strategies. Clinical...

... Abstract This chapter examines the association of anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms with cardiovascular disease, focussing on hypertension (an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke) and coronary heart disease. In both cases, epidemiological data linking...

..., the chapter explores the available evidence demonstrating the feasibility of adopting the key elements of the model in the care of the whole spectrum of anxiety disorders. In addition, the chapter describes the different stages that are possible to identify in the process of developing an illness, and also...

... Abstract Anxiety disorders are disabling and generally chronic conditions, with a lifetime prevalence of 15-20% in the general population. These disorders are usually associated with early onset and often remain untreated for several years with important consequences on patients' functioning...

... Abstract Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is chiefly characterized by a cognitive focus on threats and risks towards the individual and/or the immediate family. It is accompanied by a sense of tension, worry, muscle pain, disturbed sleep and irritability. The condition impairs work capacity...

... Abstract Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) is a common and typically long-standing medical condition, characterized by an excessive fear of being observed or evaluated negatively in social or performance situations. Efficacious interventions in acute treatment include cognitive...

... Abstract Depression and anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric comorbidities in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Most patients will suffer major depression, minor depression or dysthymia at some stage during the progression of the illness. The presence of major depression suggests...

... Abstract In this review on rating scales for anxiety and depression, only instruments considered to be quantifiable, analogue to the measurement of hypertension in the medical setting, have been selected. The clinimetric method for validating these rating scales is the item response theory...