Search Results for age

..., GH replacement therapy, and follow-up issues. Introduction Transition is the time encompassing the achievement of full height and the complete somatic development. This period usually lasts 3 to 10 years and ends at the age of 25 years approximately, with broad differences depending...

... Small for gestational age Fetal growth restriction Intrauterine growth retardation Catch-up growth Programming Key Messages Small for gestational age (SGA) and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) increase the risk of morbidity and mortality both in the neonatal period...

... genetics as well as modifying factors such as fluoride. Various models exist which explain the transition from a health-compatible oral microbiota to a cariogenic microbiota. Longitudinal studies may increase our knowledge of the oral microbial compositions in different age groups by analyzing the temporal...

... Abstract Establishing dietary recommendations for micronutrients in young children is difficult. Techniques used to evaluate nutrient intake and bioavailability are hard to apply in this age group. Additionally, large variations in growth rates, dietary patterns, and nutrient losses in early...

... Abstract Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by changes in the outer retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and choroid. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has proven instrumental in analyzing these changes and further understanding the pathogenesis...

... Abstract Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of central vision loss in developed nations and its prevalence has been progressively increasing over the years. Although many factors have been shown to be involved in AMD pathogenesis, it is well established...

... Abstract Early detection of neovascular age-related macular degeneration is vitally important so that treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors can be initiated as soon as symptomatic exudation arises. Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA...

... Abstract Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in adults over the age of 55 years in industrialized countries. The intermediate stage of AMD is defined by the presence of large drusen and/or AMD pigmentary abnormalities on funduscopic examination...

... have indicated a loss of vaccine efficacy in old age, and because this period coincides with the onset of T cell immunosenescence, the latter has often been implicated in the loss of vaccine responsiveness. This chapter examines changes in T cell homeostasis with age, and proposes mechanisms of how...

... Abstract Older people have reduced immune responses to infection and vaccination. B cell activation is key for the efficacy of the vaccine response, but there are several age-related changes in B cells which may contribute to the loss of vaccine efficacy. Different subpopulations of B cells...

... Abstract Being born small for gestational age (SGA), defined as a birth weight and/or length below –2 SDS, has several consequences. Short-term consequences include a higher mortality, hypothermia, and hypoglycemia. In the long term, being born SGA is associated with persistent short stature...

... Abstract Several studies have generally described the existence of differences of skin surface pH according to gender, age, and ethnicity, but these studies have reported inconsistent results, depending on anatomical sites, methods, and time of measurement. Overall, it could be summarized...

... Abstract In order to maintain skin in “good condition” one can use cosmetic products. Importantly, those skin care products should fulfil specific requirements for specific life phases and specific skin conditions. In this review, we focused on 2 different age groups - namely, infants...

.... Adolescents with childhood onset GH deficiency (GHD) show reduction of bone mineral density, decrease in lean body mass, increase in fat mass, and deterioration of the lipid profile. For this reason, continuation of GH replacement therapy in the transition age is recommended in all patients with a confirmed...

... Abstract Children are not just small adults. A number of anatomical and physiological features are different in children than in adults and biology at a young age differs from that of later ages. This has important implications not only in health care for the clinical management of disorders...

... Abstract Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the main causes of visual deterioration in the developed nations. AMD comes in many forms but the most devastating form is the exudative (wet) type. Over the years, research into the pathophysiology of AMD has led to the discovery...

... Abstract Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease with the potential to cause significant visual impairment. The hallmark of this disease is the development of angiogenesis originating from the choroid or retina leading to various, potentially blinding, complications...