Clinical Trials in the Neurosciences
A properly designed and executed clinical trial that addresses an import question and delivers a definitive result can change the practice of medicine worldwide. This book encompasses a bench-to-bedside approach and serves as an excellent guidance for translating preclinical studies to early phase I/II and phase III trials. In the first part, the book covers preclinical science with respect to animal models of various neurological diseases, FDA requirements for preclinical studies, translation of animal to patient studies and scaling up from animal to human studies. In the second part, the design of phase I/II trials and the use of biomarkers as surrogate endpoints are discussed. With regard to phase III trials, FDA and European requirements, specific design issues, relevant clinical endpoints as well as data management and quality are examined. Topics specific to multicenter trials, such as design, recruitment of special populations, monitoring, ethical and consent issues are also covered. Finally, genetics, gene therapy, imaging and surgical devices are reviewed.
This publication is highly recommended to clinician researchers, such as neurologists, neurosurgeons, pediatric neurologists and neonatologists, who want to design and conduct clinical trials in the neuroscience, but also to nurses, research coordinators and clinical pharmacologists.
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Table of Contents
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1 - 3: IntroductionByB.M. Coull;B.M. CoullaDepartment of Neurology, Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., andSearch for other works by this author on:K.M. Woodbury-HarrisK.M. Woodbury-HarrisbRedmond, Oreg., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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4 - 8: Evolution of Clinical Trials in NeurologyByChristian StapfChristian StapfDepartment of Neurology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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10 - 33: Role of Animal Studies in the Design of Clinical TrialsByEdward D. Hall;Edward D. HallaSpinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Ky., andSearch for other works by this author on:Richard J. TraystmanRichard J. TraystmanbUniversity of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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34 - 38: Translating Interventions from Ischemic Stroke Models to Patients: The View in 2009ByGregory J. del Zoppo;Gregory J. del ZoppoaDepartments of Medicine (Hematology) and Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash., andSearch for other works by this author on:Michael A. MoskowitzMichael A. MoskowitzbStroke and Neurovascular Regulation, Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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39 - 45: Scaling Up from Animal to Human StudiesByThomas M. Hemmen;Thomas M. HemmenaDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif., andSearch for other works by this author on:Justin ZivinJustin ZivinbDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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46 - 49: FDA Requirements for Preclinical StudiesByKaren D. McElvanyKaren D. McElvanyUniversity of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, N.C., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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52 - 54: Phase I/II – Design and AnalysisByWilliam P. Coleman;William P. ColemanaWPC Math, Buffalo, N.Y.,Search for other works by this author on:Katherine M. Woodbury-Harris;Katherine M. Woodbury-HarrisbRedmond, Oreg., andSearch for other works by this author on:Bruce M. CoullBruce M. CoullcDepartment of Neurology, Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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55 - 61: Biomarkers in NeurologyByGisele Silva;Gisele SilvaaMassachusetts General Hospital andSearch for other works by this author on:Karen FurieKaren FurieaMassachusetts General Hospital andbJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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62 - 65: FDA Investigational New Drug RequirementsByKaren D. McElvanyKaren D. McElvanyUniversity of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, N.C., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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66 - 70: European Union Regulatory RequirementsByBarbara RadziszewskaBarbara RadziszewskaDivision of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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71 - 75: Adaptive Clinical TrialsByPeter R. GilbertPeter R. GilbertNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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76 - 77: Design and Analysis PlansByYuko Y. PaleschYuko Y. PaleschDepartment of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, S.C., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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78 - 92: Behavioral/Neuropsychological Outcomes and Quality of Life EndpointsByBonnie E. LevinBonnie E. LevinDivision of Neuropsychology, Departments of Neurology and Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Fla., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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93 - 97: Clinical EndpointsByShruti Sonni;Shruti SonniJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:Karen FurieKaren FurieJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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98 - 105: Data Management and Quality AssuranceByDeJuran Richardson;DeJuran RichardsonaLake Forest College, Lake Forest, Ill., andSearch for other works by this author on:Selma C. KunitzSelma C. KunitzbKAI Research Inc., Redmond, Oreg., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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106 - 113: Multidisciplinary Trial DesignByC. StapfC. StapfDepartment of Neurology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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114 - 117: Design and Analysis IssuesByWilliam P. ColemanWilliam P. ColemanWPC Math, Buffalo, N.Y., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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118 - 120: Strategies for Recruiting and Retaining MinoritiesByMichael R. DeBaun;Michael R. DeBaunaDivision of Genetics,Search for other works by this author on:Philip B. Gorelick;Philip B. GorelickcDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill., USASearch for other works by this author on:Sumit SomSumit SombDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo., andSearch for other works by this author on:
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121 - 123: Informed Consent and HIPAAByK.M. Woodbury-HarrisK.M. Woodbury-HarrisRedmond, Oreg., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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124 - 126: Committees for Multicenter Clinical TrialsByHarold P. Adams, Jr.Harold P. Adams, Jr.Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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127 - 130: Interim Monitoring of Clinical TrialsByDeJuran RichardsonDeJuran RichardsonLake Forest College, Lake Forest, Ill., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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131 - 132: Medical MonitoringByHarold P. Adams Jr.Harold P. Adams Jr.Division of Cerebrovascular Disease, Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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133 - 135: Budgets for Clinical TrialsByChe Kelly;Che KellyDepartment of Neurology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Tex., USASearch for other works by this author on:Robert G. HartRobert G. HartDepartment of Neurology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Tex., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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136 - 140: Institutional Review Boards and Ethical Issues in Randomized Clinical TrialsByShlomo ShinnarShlomo ShinnarDepartments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Epidemiology and Population Health and the Comprehensive Epilepsy Management Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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141 - 143: Financial Conflict of InterestByBrandy E. FuremanBrandy E. FuremanNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rockville, Md., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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144 - 151: Clinical Trials in Progressive Neurological Diseases: Recruitment, Enrollment, Retention and ComplianceByRichard S. Bedlack;Richard S. BedlackaDuke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C., andSearch for other works by this author on:Merit E. CudkowiczMerit E. CudkowiczbMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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152 - 157: Genetics in Clinical TrialsByJames F. Meschia;James F. MeschiaaCerebrovascular Division, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla., andSearch for other works by this author on:Katrina GwinnKatrina GwinnbDepartment of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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158 - 162: Randomized Clinical Trials in ChildrenByLaura R. Ment;Laura R. MentaDepartment of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., andSearch for other works by this author on:Shlomo ShinnarShlomo ShinnarbDepartments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Epidemiology and Population Health and the Comprehensive Epilepsy Management Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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163 - 173: Neurological EmergenciesByRobert Silbergleit;Robert SilbergleitNeurological Emergencies Treatment Trials, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., USASearch for other works by this author on:William BarsanWilliam BarsanNeurological Emergencies Treatment Trials, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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174 - 179: Clinical Trials of Surgical Devices for Neurological DisordersByMichael G. Kaplitt;Michael G. KaplittaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., andSearch for other works by this author on:Nicholas BarbaroNicholas BarbarobDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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180 - 188: Gene Therapy Clinical Trials in the Human Brain: Protocol Development and Review of Current ApplicationsByMichael G. KaplittMichael G. KaplittDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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189 - 192: Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Surrogate Outcomes and Patient SelectionByAmie W. Hsia;Amie W. HsiaWashington Hospital Center Stroke Center and Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., USASearch for other works by this author on:Chelsea S. KidwellChelsea S. KidwellWashington Hospital Center Stroke Center and Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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193 - 196: Computed TomographyByFabricio Lima;Fabricio LimaJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:Greg Goldmakher;Greg GoldmakherJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:Michael Lev;Michael LevJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:Karen FurieKaren FurieJ. Philip Kistler MGH Stroke Research Center, Boston, Mass., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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197 - 202: Positron Emission Tomography ImagingByVijay Dhawan;Vijay DhawanCenter for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore – Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, N.Y., USASearch for other works by this author on:David EidelbergDavid EidelbergCenter for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore – Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, N.Y., USASearch for other works by this author on:
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203 - 205: Clinical Research Training Opportunities and ElementsByDouglas Franz;Douglas FranzaDepartment of Neurology/Neurocritical Care, Queens Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii,Search for other works by this author on:Bruce M. CoullBruce M. CoullbDepartment of Neurology, Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., USASearch for other works by this author on: