Nutrition Support for Infants and Children at Risk: 59th Nestlé Nutrition Workshop, Pediatric Program, Berlin, April 2006
Adequate nutrition is especially important during infancy and childhood, where even short periods of malnutrition have long-lasting effects on growth, development and health in adult life. There are several high-risk scenarios for the development of malnutrition, which are the focus of the current publication: Atopic diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and preterm delivery. For the pediatric allergist it is important to understand the mechanisms regulating IgE responses to food proteins since they may also be the earliest markers for the atopic march. As breastfeeding seems to have only limited effects regarding the atopic march, other measures to modulate infantile immune responses have to be taken, including the use of hypoallergenic formulae or the addition of probiotics or prebiotics to infant formulae. The second part of this book highlights the functional properties of nutrition with regard to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the ensuing chronic alterations of gastrointestinal function. Topics addressed include the molecular basis of some diseases, main causes of and nutritional measures in chronic enteropathy, including the role of parenteral and enteral nutrition, stressed mucosa and the role of nutrition in cholestatic liver disease. Nowadays, smaller and more immature infants are surviving - but the smaller the infant, the greater the accrued deficit as nutritional needs change with advancing maturity, and one formulation may not meet all requirements. Furthermore, there are no sensitive, accurate and precise measures of nutritional outcome. The net effect of these uncertainties is that all very-low-birth-weight infants are growth retarded at hospital discharge. Strategies for improving growth in these high-risk infants are at the center of the last part of this publication.
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1 - 15: The Development of Atopic Phenotypes: Genetic and Environmental DeterminantsByUlrich Wahn;Ulrich WahnaDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, andSearch for other works by this author on:Erika von Mutius;Erika von Mutiusbv. Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:Susanne Lau;Susanne LauaDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, andSearch for other works by this author on:Renate NickelRenate NickelaDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, andSearch for other works by this author on:
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17 - 36: Food Allergy to ProteinsByAnna Nowak-WegrzynAnna Nowak-WegrzynJaffe Food Allergy Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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37 - 47: Hypoallergenicity: A Principle for the Treatment of Food AllergyByKirsten BeyerKirsten BeyerCharité, University Children’s Hospital, Berlin, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:
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49 - 62: The Concept of Hypoallergenicity for Atopy PreventionByAndrea von BergAndrea von BergResearch Institute at the Children’s Department, Marien-Hospital Wesel,Wesel, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:
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63 - 72: The Concept of Oral Tolerance Induction to FoodsByGideon LackGideon LackKing’s College London, Guys and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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73 - 88: Chronic Enteropathy: Molecular BasisByFrank M. RuemmeleFrank M. RuemmelePediatric Gastroenterology, INSERM U793, Hôpital Necker – Enfants Malades, Paris, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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89 - 104: Chronic Enteropathy: Clinical AspectsByTroy Gibbons;Troy GibbonsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital,Little Rock, AR, USASearch for other works by this author on:George J. FuchsGeorge J. FuchsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital,Little Rock, AR, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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105 - 114: Transition from Parenteral to Enteral NutritionByPeter J. MillaPeter J. MillaGastroenterology and Autoimmunity Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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115 - 131: Chronic Enteropathy and FeedingBySilvia Salvatore;Silvia SalvatoreaClinica Pediatrica di Varese, Università dell’Insubria, Varese, Italy;Search for other works by this author on:Bruno Hauser;Bruno Hauserb Academisch Ziekenhuis Kinderen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumSearch for other works by this author on:Yvan VandenplasYvan Vandenplasb Academisch Ziekenhuis Kinderen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumSearch for other works by this author on:
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133 - 146: Stressed MucosaByGeoffrey Davidson;Geoffrey DavidsonCentre for Paediatric and Adolescent Gastroenterology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:Stamatiki Kritas;Stamatiki KritasCentre for Paediatric and Adolescent Gastroenterology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:Ross ButlerRoss ButlerCentre for Paediatric and Adolescent Gastroenterology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:
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147 - 159: Nutrition for Children with Cholestatic Liver DiseaseByE. Leonie Los;E. Leonie LosPediatric Gastroenterology/Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsSearch for other works by this author on:Sabina Lukovac;Sabina LukovacPediatric Gastroenterology/Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsSearch for other works by this author on:Anniek Werner;Anniek WernerPediatric Gastroenterology/Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsSearch for other works by this author on:Tietie Dijkstra;Tietie DijkstraPediatric Gastroenterology/Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsSearch for other works by this author on:Henkjan J. Verkade;Henkjan J. VerkadePediatric Gastroenterology/Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsSearch for other works by this author on:Edmond H.H.M. RingsEdmond H.H.M. RingsPediatric Gastroenterology/Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsSearch for other works by this author on:
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161 - 176: Nutrient Requirements of Premature InfantsByEkhard E. ZieglerEkhard E. ZieglerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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177 - 192: Nutritional Assessment in Preterm InfantsByIan J. GriffinIan J. GriffinUSDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center and Section of Neonatology,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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193 - 208: Early Aggressive Nutrition in Very Preterm InfantsByPatti J. ThureenPatti J. ThureenUniversity of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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209 - 211: Discussion Following the presentation on ‘Human Milk Fortification’ByG. PutetG. PutetNéonatologie et reanimation néonatales Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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213 - 228: Postdischarge Nutrition of Preterm Infants: More Questions than AnswersByRichard J. CookeRichard J. CookeUniversity of Tennessee Center for Health Sciences, Memphis, TN, USASearch for other works by this author on:
