Leksell Radiosurgery
Since its introduction 52 years ago, Leksell radiosurgery has become a widely applied technique for the management of a diverse group of vascular, neoplastic, and functional disorders.
This publication presents an update on state-of-the-art radiosurgery technology, including outcomes, by the pioneers in the field. Experts have contributed chapters on various topics. They provide a history of the development of Leksell Gamma Knife and its evolution from frame-based to the inclusion of mask-based radiosurgery in the latest Gamma Knife model. For beginners, there is valuable information related to imaging, quality assurance, patient care, anesthesia, and regulatory requirements. Advance users will appreciate the summary of the long-term outcome of important indications. Additional chapters on cavernous malformation, orbital, uveal, and ocular disorders clarify the role of radiosurgery.
This book is a concise overview for physicians interested in radiosurgery. It will be of great value to neurosurgeons, radiation oncologists, and medical physicists concerned with learning about the indications of radiosurgery.
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Table of Contents
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1 - 8: The Origins and Development of Radiosurgery and the Leksell Gamma KnifeByDan LeksellDan LeksellLeksell Gamma Knife Society, Stockholm, SwedenSearch for other works by this author on:
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9 - 18: The First North American Clinical Gamma Knife CenterByL. Dade Lunsford;L. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:John C. FlickingerJohn C. FlickingerbDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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19 - 27: Frame versus Frameless Leksell Stereotactic RadiosurgeryByL. Dade Lunsford;L. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Kevin Fallon;Kevin FallonbDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Jong Oh KimJong Oh KimbDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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28 - 39: Imaging Techniques for Leksell RadiosurgeryByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Sudhir Pathak;Sudhir PathakbLearning Research and Development Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Kevin Fallon;Kevin FalloncRadiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Jong Oh Kim;Jong Oh KimcRadiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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40 - 47: Quality Improvement Radiosurgery RegistryByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Andrew Faramand;Andrew FaramandaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Denise Layne;Denise LaynebUPMC Technology Development Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Mark Briercheck;Mark BriercheckbUPMC Technology Development Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Svetlana Trofimova;Svetlana TrofimovaaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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48 - 56: Medical Physics for Leksell RadiosurgeryByKevin Fallon;Kevin FallonCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Jong Oh Kim;Jong Oh KimCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Greg BednarzGreg BednarzCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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57 - 62: Patient Preparation and Nursing Management for Leksell RadiosurgeryByJonet Vacsulka;Jonet VacsulkaCenter for Image-Guided Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanCenter for Image-Guided Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordCenter for Image-Guided Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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63 - 72: Anesthesia Considerations during Leksell RadiosurgeryByJames Greenberg;James GreenbergaDepartment of Anesthesia, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade Lunsford;L. Dade LunsfordbDepartment of Neurosurgery, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay NiranjanAjay NiranjanbDepartment of Neurosurgery, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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73 - 81: Gamma Knife Radiation Safety and Regulatory RequirementsByMichael SheetzMichael SheetzUniversity of Pittsburgh’s Radiation Safety Office, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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82 - 90: Leksell Radiosurgery for Vestibular SchwannomasByGregory N. Bowden;Gregory N. BowdenDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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91 - 99: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for MeningiomaByTom Flannery;Tom FlanneryaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, United KingdombLeeds Gamma Knife Centre, St. James’s Institute of Oncology, Leeds, United KingdomSearch for other works by this author on:Jonathan PootsJonathan PootsaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, United KingdomSearch for other works by this author on:
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100 - 109: Guidelines for Multiple Brain Metastases RadiosurgeryByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartments of Neurological Surgery and Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Edward Monaco;Edward MonacoaDepartments of Neurological Surgery and Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:John Flickinger;John FlickingerbCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordaDepartments of Neurological Surgery and Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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110 - 124: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Patients with 10 or More Brain MetastasesByMasaaki Yamamoto;Masaaki YamamotoaKatsuta Hospital Mito Gamma House, Hitachinaka, JapanbDepartment of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Yoshinori Higuchi;Yoshinori HiguchieDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Yasunori Sato;Yasunori SatocDepartment of Neurosurgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JapandDepartment of Global Clinical Research, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Hidetoshi Aiyama;Hidetoshi AiyamaaKatsuta Hospital Mito Gamma House, Hitachinaka, JapaneDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Hidetoshi Kasuya;Hidetoshi KasuyabDepartment of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Bierta E. BarfodBierta E. BarfodaKatsuta Hospital Mito Gamma House, Hitachinaka, JapanSearch for other works by this author on:
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125 - 137: Targeted Therapies for Brain MetastasesByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade Lunsford;L. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Manmeet S. AhluwaliaManmeet S. AhluwaliabNeurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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138 - 148: Adverse Radiation EffectsByStephanie K. Cheok;Stephanie K. CheokDepartment of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USASearch for other works by this author on:Veronica L. ChiangVeronica L. ChiangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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149 - 158: Pituitary Tumor RadiosurgeryByDaniel M. Trifiletti;Daniel M. TrifilettiaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USASearch for other works by this author on:Sunil W. Dutta;Sunil W. DuttabDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USASearch for other works by this author on:Cheng-Chia Lee;Cheng-Chia LeecDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSearch for other works by this author on:Jason P. SheehanJason P. SheehanbDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USAdDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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159 - 165: Non-Vestibular Schwannoma RadiosurgeryBySelcuk PekerSelcuk PekerDepartment of Neurosurgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, TurkeySearch for other works by this author on:
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166 - 172: The Role of Leksell Radiosurgery in the Management of CraniopharyngiomasByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter of Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter of Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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173 - 183: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Pineal Region TumorsByDavid Mathieu;David MathieuDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaSearch for other works by this author on:Christian Iorio-MorinChristian Iorio-MorinDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaSearch for other works by this author on:
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184 - 190: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Low-Grade GliomasByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Andrew Faramand;Andrew FaramandDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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191 - 199: Salvage Leksell Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Malignant GliomasByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Hideyuki Kano;Hideyuki KanoDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Edward A. Monaco III;Edward A. Monaco IIIDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USACenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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200 - 206: Leksell Radiosurgery for Ependymomas and OligodendrogliomasByHideyuki Kano;Hideyuki KanoDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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207 - 214: Radiosurgery for Chordoma and ChondrosarcomaByHideyuki Kano;Hideyuki KanoDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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215 - 222: Radiosurgery for Glomus TumorsByCheng-chia Lee;Cheng-chia LeeaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanbSchool of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanSearch for other works by this author on:Daniel M. Trifiletti;Daniel M. TrifiletticDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USASearch for other works by this author on:Jason P. SheehanJason P. SheehandDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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223 - 231: Leksell Radiosurgery for the 3 H Tumors: Hemangiomas, Hemangioblastomas, and HemangiopericytomasBySteven Johnson;Steven JohnsonCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Hideyuki Kano;Hideyuki KanoCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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232 - 237: Radiosurgery for Central NeurocytomaByAya Nakamura;Aya NakamuraDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Hideyuki Kano;Hideyuki KanoDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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238 - 247: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery of Arteriovenous Malformations: Long-Term Outcomes and Late EffectsByBruce E. PollockBruce E. PollockDepartments of Neurological Surgery and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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248 - 259: Radiosurgery for Dural Arteriovenous FistulasByHuai-Che Yang;Huai-Che YangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSearch for other works by this author on:Cheng-Chia Lee;Cheng-Chia LeeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSearch for other works by this author on:David H.C. Pan;David H.C. PanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSearch for other works by this author on:Wen-Yuh ChungWen-Yuh ChungDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSearch for other works by this author on:
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260 - 266: Leksell Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Cavernous MalformationsByL. Dade Lunsford;L. Dade LunsfordaCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Ajay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Hideyuki Kano;Hideyuki KanoaCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Edward A. Monaco III;Edward A. Monaco IIIaCenter for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:John C. FlickingerJohn C. FlickingerbDepartments of Neurosurgery and Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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267 - 272: Re-Evaluating Clinical Outcomes for AVM Stereotactic RadiosurgeryByDaniel A. Tonetti;Daniel A. TonettiDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Bradley A. GrossBradley A. GrossDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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273 - 278: Trigeminal Neuralgia and Other Facial NeuralgiasByAmparo Wolf;Amparo WolfCenter for Advanced Radiosurgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USASearch for other works by this author on:Douglas KondziolkaDouglas KondziolkaCenter for Advanced Radiosurgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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279 - 288: Leksell Radiosurgery for Movement DisordersByAjay Niranjan;Ajay NiranjanaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:Sudesh S. Raju;Sudesh S. RajubUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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289 - 297: Radiosurgery for Behavioral DisordersByRoberto Martínez-ÁlvarezRoberto Martínez-ÁlvarezRuber Internacional Hospital, Madrid, SpainSearch for other works by this author on:
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298 - 305: Leksell Radiosurgery for Orbital, Uveal, and Choroidal TumorsByWilliam J. Ares;William J. AresaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:John C. Flickinger;John C. FlickingerbDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:L. Dade LunsfordL. Dade LunsfordaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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306 - 313: Radiosurgery for Ocular Disorders: Other IndicationsByRoman Liscak;Roman LiscakNa Homolce Hospital, Prague, CzechiaSearch for other works by this author on:Gabriela SimonováGabriela SimonováNa Homolce Hospital, Prague, CzechiaSearch for other works by this author on: