... that are reviewed here are: enriched environment, social stimulation, spatial area use, season, photoperiod and temperature, and testosterone. Fewer data are available for amphibians than for reptiles, but for both groups many issues are still to be resolved. It is to be hoped that the questions raised here...

... of the SCN and song behavior are primarily mediated by testosterone (T) and its metabolites in most species studied thus far. However, the majority of bird species are tropical and have less pronounced seasonal reproductive cycles. We have previously documented that equatorial rufous-collared sparrows...

... by melatonin may be sexually dimorphic. Finally, melatonin did not significantly influence testosterone or estradiol concentrations of male or female frogs, respectively, suggesting that the effects of melatonin on AVT immunoreactivity are independent of changes in gonadal sex steroid hormones. Collectively...

.... Amphibian Cell proliferation BrdU Neurogenesis Acoustic communication Social behavior Estrogen Testosterone National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 The relation between social behavior or social interactions and adult neurogenesis is an emerging field, reviewed...

...Rachel E. Cohen; Juli Wade The 5α-reductase (5αR) enzyme converts testosterone to 5α-dihydrotestosterone. This local metabolism within the brain is important for the full expression of male sexual behavior in many species, including green anole lizards. Two isozymes of 5αR exist and little is known...

... to in the content or advertisements. Zebra finch Bird Vasotocin Vasopressin c-fos Testosterone Estradiol Seasonality Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis Lateral septum National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 Physiological mechanisms that underlie the expression...

... in the regulation of aggression remains unclear and contrasting effects of this peptide on aggression are seen in differing species and contexts. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to examine the effects of testosterone on the AVT system in male and female tree lizards, Urosaurus ornatus , and to determine...

... as Model Systems for Studying Long-Term Steroid Action on Neural Circuits Key Words Electric organ discharge Testosterone Estrogen Na * current Abstract Weakly electric fish generate electric organ discharges (EODs) that are speciesspecific and often sexually-dimorphic. The waveform or frequency of an EOD...

...Cynthia Corbitt; Pierre Deviche In seasonally breeding adult male songbirds, the volumes of several song control regions (SCRs) change seasonally in parallel with plasma testosterone (T) levels and decrease following gonadectomy. Testosterone treatment to castrates prevents this decrease...

...Michael J. Watt; Gina L. Forster; Jean M.P. Joss Male jacky dragons, Amphibolurus muricatus , indicate territoriality to rivals during the mating season through the use of stereotyped motor displays. The relationship between corticosterone (B) and testosterone (T) and its effects on territorial...

... that testosterone regulates territorial aggression in males during the breeding season, the correlation of plasma testosterone and aggression appears to be limited to periods of social instability when a male is challenged for his territory by another male, or when mate-guarding a sexually receptive female. How...

... Androgen receptor Estrogen receptor-beta Songbird Testosterone Estrogen Reproductive behavior Fig. 1 A diagram of the vocal control system of songbirds in the sagittal plane. Two inter-connected pathways are illustrated in this figure. A caudal pathway that regulates song production...

.... observ.). However, black ghosts show greater overlap in EOD frequencies of the two sexes even when fish of both species have comparable levels of plasma androgens (∼5 ng/ml 11 ketotestosterone, ∼10 ng/ml testosterone) and similar gonadosomatic indices [Dunlap et al., 1998c]. This question is most...

... are controlled by exposure to gonadal steroid hormones, either during ontogeny or in adulthood. This article reviews some of the evidence supporting the hypothesis that in mammals, testosterone or its metabolites regulate the structure and function of neural and muscle systems involved in the control...