... Cerebellum Elasmobranch Neuroecology Olfactory bulb Allometry Cartilaginous fishes (class: Chondrichthyes; sharks, batoids, and holocephalans) occupy a basal position of the vertebrate evolutionary tree, at the origin of gnathostomes [Janvier, 1996]. Many comparative neuroanatomical studies...

.... Neuroanatomy Convergence ratio Olfactory inputs Olfactory bulb System sensitivity Elasmobranch Teleost Transmission electron microscopy Like many other vertebrates, cartilaginous (Chondrichthyes) and bony (Osteichthyes) fishes rely on olfactory cues for a range of vital biological functions...

... cells). The difference in Iba1 expression between the species was supported by protein analysis. These results suggest that radial ependymoglia of the elasmobranchs may be functionally related to mammalian microglia and that Iba1 expression has undergone evolutionary changes in this cartilaginous group...

... to other sensory brain areas, while the relative size of the optic tectum is reduced [Brandstätter and Kotrschal, 1990]. Allometry Brain size Cartilaginous fish Cerebellum Cerebellar foliation Elasmobranch Olfactory bulb Ontogenetic shifts Most fishes exhibit indeterminate growth...

... of the SRP. Retina Development Elasmobranch Shark Topography Apoptosis Embryogenesis Chiloscyllium punctatum Ganglion cells Despite the vast number of studies assessing RGC topography in adult vertebrates, knowledge of the embryonic development of RGC distribution is sparse. Many...

...-sectioned, and we classified cells further into multiple subtypes according to the level of dendritic arborization within the inner plexiform layer. The present results suggest the existence of many types of GCs in elasmobranchs in addition to the 3 types of large GCs that have been characterized previously...

... in the behaviour of elasmobranchs, to date, there have been no studies that have assessed the number of electrosensory axons that project from the peripheral ampullae to the central nervous system (CNS). The complex arrangement and morphology of the peripheral electrosensory system has a significant influence...

... [Cameron et al., 1990; Snow et al., 1996]. As in other elasmobranches [Nieuwenhuys, 1964; Smeets et al., 1983], the spinal gray matter of the spinal cord in Himantura has a compact superficial layer, which is somewhat translucent in unstained transverse sections and thus referred to by previous...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Cerebellum Elasmobranch Electroreception Lateral line Vestibular Raja erinacea Connections...

.... Development Evolution nervous systems Myelin Shark Developmental evolution Elasmobranch Embryology Po protein Chiloscyllium punctatum (Müller and Henle 1838) shark cases were harvested from the Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific and the embryos collected at different developmental stages...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Cerebellum Elasmobranch Electroreception Lateral line Vestibular Raja erinacea Brain Behav. Evol. 30: 282-302...

... and Raja rhina) and a bat ray (Myliobatis californica). The Rajoids are closely related to the Rhinobatoids which contains Platyrhinoidis, an elasmobranch that does not have a nucleus raphe dorsalis. Myliobatis was chosen for an outgroup comparison. Most of the nuclei that were 5-HT+ were also LENK...

... for jawed vertebrates. Cerebellum Cartilaginous fish Elasmobranch Immunohistochemistry Octavolateral Purkinje cell, stingray Zebrin II Brain, Behavior and Evolution Original Paper Brain Bchav Evo! 1997;50:358-368 Richard L. Puzdrowski Department of Anatomy ami Neuroseiences, The University...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Commissural Dorsal octavolateralis nucleus Elasmobranch Electroreception GABA Noise suppression Brain, Behavior and Evolution Catharine H. Daman David Bodznick Department of Biology, Wesleyan University. Middletown, Conn., USA...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Elasmobranch Dermatome Spinal cord Peripheral nerve Spinal inhibition Original Paper lirain Behuv Evol 1995;46:354-361 P.D. Kitchener" '' P. Wilson" PJ. Snow...

... of a conspicuous GABAergic saccofugal system are shared by elasmobranch and teleosts (trout), suggesting that GABA plays a key function in the SV circuitry. Monoaminergic structures have not been reported in the SV of bony fishes, and were probably acquired secondarily in sharks. The existence of saccopetal...

... variability decreases from the neonate to the juvenile and adult life history stage. Discharge variability is expressed as the coefficient of variation (CV), a dimensionless ratio of standard deviation to mean interspike interval duration. Bin width = 2 ms. Ampullae of Lorenzini Elasmobranch...