...Carrie Ka Wai Ho; Anna Tjhin; Eden Barrett; Daisy H. Coyle; Jason H.Y. Wu; Jimmy Chun Yu Louie Introduction: The consumption of gluten-free foods has continued to increase in recent years. Given their higher intake among individuals both with and without a medically diagnosed gluten allergy...

...Frank M. Ruemmele Several disorders related to the ingestion of gluten are well recognized despite overlapping clinical presentations: celiac disease, an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestions in susceptible individuals, allergy to wheat, and more recently non-celiac gluten...

... and elimination diets. On the other hand, for multiple reasons, the number of people who adopt vegetarian and gluten-free diets (GFD) increases daily. More recently, a new entity, non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), with a still evolving definition and clinical spectrum, has been described. Although...

...Yolanda Sanz Celiac disease (CD) is a frequent chronic inflammatory enteropathy caused by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals that carry disease susceptibility genes (HLA-DQ2/8). These genes are present in about 30-40% of the general population, but only a small percentage of carriers...

...Frits Koning Man began to consume cereals approximately 10,000 years ago when hunter-gatherers settled in the fertile golden crescent in the Middle East. Gluten has been an integral part of the Western type of diet ever since, and wheat consumption is also common in the Middle East, parts of India...

...Anna Chmielewska; Małgorzata Pieścik-Lech; Hania Szajewska; Raanan Shamir Celiac disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder caused by ingestion of gluten. When diagnosed, it should be treated with a lifelong, strict gluten-free diet. Early infant feeding practices have been suggested as a means...

...Jonas F. Ludvigsson; Alessio Fasano Breast milk is the natural nutrition for infants, but in the second half of the first year of life, complementary feeding is needed. Many complementary foods contain gluten, but gluten exposure is associated with the risk of developing celiac disease (CD). CD...

... of 4 months, and 4% of BF infants and 11% of FF infants had already received gluten. There were significant differences in the timing of the introduction of potentially allergenic foods between the countries at the age of 4–6 months (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The time of first introduction...

... autoimmune diabetes (NOD) mouse. Methods: A basal low-diabetogenic diet was identified by feeding litter-matched female NOD mice standardized diets with and without casein and wheat proteins after weaning. In subsequent trials, basal diet with supplements of wheat (5, 10 and 30%), gluten, wheat globulin...

...Y. Dror; I. Nir Some enzymatic activities in chicks, liver xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), liver alanine amino transferase (GP-T, EC 2.6.1.2), liver aspartate amino transferase (GO-T, EC 2.6.1.1) and kidney arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) were studied in chicks fed 2 types of protein, soybean or gluten at 4...