Giardia est le protozoaire pathogène entérique le plus fréquent chez l’homme ainsi que chez les animaux sauvages et domestiques. Les enfants sont les plus exposés au risque de conséquences cliniques d’une giardiase, particulièrement ceux vivant dans des contextes communautaires défavorisés de pays en développement. Des études d’épidémiologie moléculaire ont permis de mieux élucider les sources d’infestation et l’importance des réservoirs animaux pour la santé publique. Certains aspects de la pathogenèse des giardiases sont à présent connus, mais un long chemin reste à parcourir avant de connaître les facteurs prédisposant aux manifestations cliniques de cette parasitose. Des médicaments efficaces sont disponibles afin de traiter les giardiases, mais ne peuvent être qu’un appoint aux approches classiques de santé publique dans des contextes endémiques où les enfants sont fréquemment infestés.

Keywords:
Giardia, impact clinique, Epidémiologie moléculaire, Transmission, Pathogenèse, Giardia, Traitement et contrôle, Giardia
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© 2008 Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG, Basel
2008
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