... and at least 1 potassium (K) each in the baseline and follow-up period were identified. We separately examined the association of both baseline time-averaged K (chronic exposure) and time-updated K (acute exposure) treated as categorized (hypokalemia [K <3.5 mEq/L] and hyperkalemia [K >5.5 mEq/L] vs...

...Horacio J. Adrogué; Sreedhar Mandayam; Hocine Tighiouart; Nicolaos E. Madias Background: The Edelman equation has long guided the expected response of plasma [Na + ] to changes in sodium, potassium, and water balance, but recent short-term studies challenged its validity. Plasma [Na + ] following...

... the association of dietary sodium intake with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. We also evaluated the associations of dietary potassium and sodium:potassium intake with cognitive decline, and associations of these nutrients with micro- and macro-structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI...

...Pablo E. Pergola; David M. Spiegel; Suzette Warren; Jinwei Yuan; Matthew R. Weir Background: Patiromer is a sodium-free, nonabsorbed, potassium binder approved for treatment of hyperkalemia. This open-label study compares the efficacy and safety of patiromer administered without food versus...

... on the serum levels of potassium in a national cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients. Method: A prospective, observational, nationwide cohort study was conducted. We identified all incident patients on peritoneal dialysis that had angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor...

...). An estimated U osm (eU osm ) based on the concentrations of sodium, potassium, and urea, and a urine concentrating index (UCI) based on the ratio of creatinine concentrations in urine and plasma were compared to the measured U osm (mU osm ). Results: eU osm is an excellent surrogate of mU osm , with a highly...

... and death. Race/ethnicity may be important modifiers of the potassium-mortality relationship in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients given that potassium intake and excretion vary among minorities. Methods: We examined racial/ethnic differences in baseline serum potassium levels and all-cause...

...David A. Bushinsky; Patrick Rossignol; David M. Spiegel; Wade W. Benton; Jinwei Yuan; Geoffrey A. Block; Christopher S. Wilcox; Rajiv Agarwal Background: Persistent hyperkalemia (serum potassium (K) ≥5.5 mEq/l) is a common condition in hemodialysis (HD) patients, is associated with increased...

...Akeem A. Yusuf; Yan Hu; Bhupinder Singh; José A. Menoyo; James B. Wetmore Background: Hyperkalemia is common in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. However, few studies have examined the association between serum potassium level and mortality. Methods: This study used annual cohorts...

...) is less well understood. We aimed at studying the associations between potassium disorders, and mortality and progression to ESRD in a CKD population. Methods: Using our electronic health record-based CKD registry, 36,359 patients with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 and potassium levels measured from January...

... urinary sodium, potassium and protein excretion in 3,680 participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study, to determine the relationship between urinary sodium and potassium and urinary protein excretion in patients with CKD. We stratified our data based on the presence or absence of diabetes...

... to in the content or advertisements. Angiotensin II Electrolytes Hypertension Potassium Sodium The balance of Na + and K + involve the intracellular and extracellular distribution of these ions. The Na + /K + ATPase distributes these ions such that Na + is the most abundant extraceullar ion...

... a diuretic and a renin-angiotensin system blocker. Patients were evaluated after a median of 45 treatment days. The primary endpoint was change in systolic BP. Secondary endpoints included change in serum potassium, creatinine, eGFR, diastolic BP and tolerability. Results: The mean age of the patients...

..., both urine sodium (Na) and chloride (CI) concentrations should be measured. Pitfalls in this assessment are abnormal renal and adrenal function and the use of diuretics. Insights into the etiology of the low ‘effective’ intravascular volume can be deduced by comparing the urine Na, potassium (K...

.... Intracellular Na + and passive permeability to K + were normal in both subjects. Neither oral potassium supplementation (100 mEq/day) nor indo-methacin treatment (150 mg/day) could correct these abnormalities. Our results are partially consistent with previous observations and indicate the existence...

... high incidences of low erythrocyte sodium and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (NaK-ATPase) activity and of high erythrocyte sodium in North-East Thais and speculated that this metabolic defect might be associated with the high incidence of SUDS in that region. In this communication, we...

...Aaron Spital; Richard H. Sterns Animals chronically fed a high-potassium diet may survive an acute potassium load which is lethal to animals fed a control diet. This ‘potassium tolerance’ is clearly related to an enhanced ability of the kidneys to excrete potassium. However, in their now classic...

... activity (PRA), and plasma potassium (K + ) have not been fully elucidated. We therefore studied the effect of the specific aldosterone antagonist, spironolactone, on urinary Na + and K + excretion and plasma hormone responses in 6 Na + -retaining CHF patients. After withdrawal of diuretics 4 days prior...

...Richard A. Sherman; Evelyn R. Hwang; Alissa S. Bernholc; Robert P. Eisinger The extent to which plasma potassium determines potassium removal in hemodialysis was examined in 8 end-stage renal disease patients during 51 treaments. Dialyzers, treatment time, blood and dialysate flow were held...

...Antonios H. Tzamaloukas; Pratap S. Avasthi We analyzed routine serum potassium concentration measurements and conditions temporally associated with abnormalities in potassium concentration in outpatients on chronic hemodialysis (136 nondiabetics, 36 diabetics) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal...