To investigate the effect of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) on cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced granulocytopenia, we performed an open nonrandomized clinical trial in 46 patients with malignancies receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen. Twenty-six patients who received two cycles of the identical chemotherapy regimen and had granulocytopenia less than 1 × 109 cells/1 after the first cycle of chemotherapy were eligible for this study. They received 60, 125 or 250 μg/m2/day of rhGM-CSF randomly. The nadirs of peripheral granulocytes demonstrated significantly much higher levels in all dosages studied than those of control cycles. The duration of granulocytopenia was shortened with rhGM-CSF support. Such granulocyte recovery appeared in parallel with increasing dosages of GM-CSF, thus, infections with febrile episodes were reduced. Toxicity of rhGM-CSF was generally well tolerated.

Keywords:
Chemotherapy, Granulocytopenia, Malignancy, Recombinant human granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor
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© 1993 S. Karger AG, Basel
1993
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