Primary lymphoma of bone is extremely rare. There are increasing reports of lymphoma arising in bone adjacent to metallic prostheses. Herein, we describe the case of a 76-year-old man who developed diffuse large B cell lymphoma in the tibia 3 years after total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. A review of the literature has identified 11 other cases of lymphoma arising in the context of orthopaedic metallic implants. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of a primary lymphoma arising in bone adjacent to a knee prosthesis. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms may include chronic antigenic stimulation of lymphocytes, proliferation of EBV-infected B lymphocytes, and direct mutagenic effects of metallic ions. Further research is required to investigate this intriguing link between metallic orthopaedic prostheses and localized lymphoma.

Keywords:
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Total hip arthroplasty, Total knee arthroplasty
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2011
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