Abstract
Aim: YouTube is one of the most popular video-sharing platforms and is used by many people as a source of information regarding health conditions. Although there are many studies examining YouTube health-related videos in terms of quality, content and accuracy, there is not any study observing the content of YouTube videos about the “Pap smear test.” Therefore, we intended to evaluate YouTube videos related to the Pap smear test. Methods: We made a search by typing “Pap smear test” and observed the first 100 videos. According to our selection criteria, only 42 videos were reviewed. We used 3 different questionnaires to rate the videos. The videos were independently rated by 2 gynecologists in terms of technical aspects, follow-up protocol, and video quality. Results: Our study showed that clarity of the technical aspects of Pap smear testing (Q1) was 40% and that of the follow-up protocol (Q2) was only 11%. In terms of video quality (Q3), the adequacy rate was 34%. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between search rank and the video power index (which increased as the ranking decreased to rank 1, r: −0.481). Conclusion: We did not find quality and reliable information on YouTube videos about the Pap smear test, which is important for early detection of cervical cancers. While preparing health-related videos for YouTube and similar websites, the support of professional healthcare workers will help provide more accurate content.
References
1.
Shingleton
, HM
, Patrick
RL
, Johnston
WW
, Smith
RA
. The current status of the Papanicolaou smear
. CA Cancer J Clin
. 1995
;45
(5
):305
–20
. 2.
Howlader
N
, Noone
AM
, Krapcho
M
, Garshell
J
, Miller
D
, Altekruse
SF
, et al. SEER cancer statistics review
. Bethesda, MD
: National Cancer Institute
; 2015
. 1975–2012. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2012.3.
Bray
F
, Ferlay
J
, Soerjomataram
I
, Siegel
RL
, Torre
LA
, Jemal
A
. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
. Ca - Cancer J Clin
. 2018
;68
(6
):394
–424
.4.
Freeman
HP
, Wingrove
BK
. Excess cervical cancer mortality: a marker for low access to health care in poor communities
. Rockville, MD
: National Cancer Institute, Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities
; 2005
. NIH Pub. No. 05-5282, Available from: http://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/crchd/abouthealthdisparities/resources/excess-cervical-cancer-mortality.pdf.5.
YouTube Statistics [cited 2019 Aug 29]. Available from:
https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/press.6.
Saslow
D
, Solomon
D
, Lawson
HW
, Killackey
M
, Kulasingam
SL
, Cain
J
, et al. American cancer society, American society for colposcopy and cervical pathology, and American society for clinical pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer
. Am J Clin Pathol
. 2012
;137
(4
):516
–42
. 7.
Chelmow
D
. Practice bulletin No. 168: cervical cancer screening and prevention
. Obstet Gynecol
. 2016
;128
(4
):e111
–30
.8.
National Career Development Association (NCDA) guidelines for the preparation andevaluation of video career media [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from:
https://www.ncda.org.9.
Erdem
MN
, Karaca
S
. Evaluating the accuracy and quality of the information in kyphosis videos shared on YouTube
. Spine
. 2018 Nov 15
;43
(22
):E1334
–9
.10.
van Deursen
AJAM
, van Dijk
JAGM
. Using the internet: skill related problems in users’ online behavior
. Interacting Comput
. 2009 Dec
;21
(5–6
):393
–402
.11.
De Cassai
A
, Correale
C
, Sandei
L
, Ban
I
, Selvi
O
, Tulgar
S
. Quality of erector spinae plane block educational videos on a popular video-sharing platform
. Cureus
. 2019
;11
(3
):e4204
.12.
Rittberg
R
, Dissanayake
T
, Katz
SJ
. A qualitative analysis of methotrexate self-injection education videos on YouTube
. Clin Rheumatol
. 2016
;35
(5
):1329
–33
. 13.
Tulgar
S
, Selvi
O
, Serifsoy
TE
, Senturk
O
, Ozer
Z
. [YouTube as an information source of spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia]
. Rev Bras Anestesiol
. 2017
;67
(5
):493
–9
. 14.
Desai
T
, Shariff
A
, Dhingra
V
, Minhas
D
, Eure
M
, Kats
M
. Is content really king? An objective analysis of the public’s response to medical videos on YouTube
. PLoS One
. 2013
;8
(12
):e82469
. 15.
Keelan
J
, Pavri-Garcia
V
, Tomlinson
G
, Wilson
K
. YouTube as a source of information on immunization: a content analysis
. JAMA
. 2007
;298
(21
):2482
–4
. 16.
Tolu
S
, Yurdakul
OV
, Basaran
B
, Rezvani
A
. English-language videos on YouTube as a source of information on self-administer subcutaneous anti-tumour necrosis factor agent injections
. Rheumatol Int
. 2018
;38
(7
):1285
–92
. 17.
Dubey
D
, Amritphale
A
, Sawhney
A
, Dubey
D
, Srivastav
N
. Analysis of YouTube as a source of information for West Nile virus infection
. Clin Med Res
. 2014
;12
(3–4
):129
–32
. 18.
Singh
AG
, Singh
S
, Singh
PP
. YouTube for information on rheumatoid arthritis: a wakeup call?
J Rheumatol
. 2012
;39
(5
):899
–903
. 19.
Kumar
N
, Pandey
A
, Venkatraman
A
, Garg
N
. Are video sharing web sites a useful source of information on hypertension?
J Am Soc Hypertens
. 2014
;8
(7
):481
–90
. 20.
Sood
A
, Sarangi
S
, Pandey
A
, Murugiah
K
. YouTube as a source of information on kidney stone disease
. Urology
. 2011
;77
(3
):558
–62
. 21.
Staunton
PF
, Baker
JF
, Green
J
, Devitt
A
. Online curves: a quality analysis of scoliosis videos on YouTube
. Spine
. 2015
;40
(23
):1857
–61
. 22.
MacLeod
MG
, Hoppe
DJ
, Simunovic
N
, Bhandari
M
, Philippon
MJ
, Ayeni
OR
. YouTube as an information source for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review of video content
. Arthroscopy
. 2015
;31
(1
):136
–42
. 23.
Madathil
KC
, Rivera-Rodriguez
AJ
, Greenstein
JS
, Gramopadhye
AK
. Healthcare information on YouTube: a systematic review
. Health Inform J
. 2015
;21
(3
):173
–94
. 24.
Eysenbach
G
, Powell
J
, Kuss
O
, Sa
ER
. Empirical studies assessing the quality of health information for consumers on the world wide web: a systematic review
. JAMA
. 2002
;287
(20
):2691
–700
. 25.
Fischer
J
, Geurts
J
, Valderrabano
V
, Hügle
T
. Educational quality of YouTube videos on knee arthrocentesis
. J Clin Rheumatol
. 2013
;19
(7
):373
–6
. 26.
Selvi
O
, Tulgar
S
, Senturk
O
, Topcu
DI
, Ozer
Z
. [YouTube as an informational source for brachial plexus blocks: evaluation of content and educational value]
. Rev Bras Anestesiol
. 2019
;69
(2
)168
–76
.© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel
2020
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.
