...I. Caudron; S. Grülke; A. Gabriel; D. Serteyn This study is a part of a work to design a radiographical method to objectively define the conformation of an equine digit and to assess the individual appropriate trimming of a horse. Various angles were measured directly from the phaangeal bones...

...J.W. Hermanson The extensor carpi radialis muscle of the horse is deceptive at first appearance. It has a fusiform shape similar to other forearm extensor muscles. The fiber arrangement also appears long and relatively parallel. However, it may contain two or more compartments that correlate...

...M. Raspanti; S. Guizzardi; R. Strocchi; A. Ruggeri A comparative study of the Haversian architecture was carried out on compact bone derived from the anterior and posterior edges of the diaphysis of horse radius, regions which have different mechanical requirements in vivo. Samples were heat...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Epididymis Spermatophages Phagocytosis Horse Original Paper Acta Anal 1995:153:181-188 M.L. López Alvares E. Bustos...

...K. Karlström; B. Essén-Gustavsson; A. Lindholm Samples were taken at slaughter from heart and both locomotor and nonlocomotor muscles from animals of similar body weight but adapted to different levels of activity: three horses and three steers. All samples were analyzed biochemically to measure...

...A. von Rotz; A.E. Friess Sinus hairs, which are tactile organs of most mammals, are differentiated into cavernous and sinus types. The horse has the cavernous type. Horse lower lips were perfused in diluted Karnovsky’s fixative and sinus hair processed for scanning electron microscopy. Anastomosing...

...J.W. Hermanson; M.T. Hegemann-Monachelli; M.J. Daaod; W.A. LaFramboise The biceps brachii of horses is subdivided into a lateral and medial head. Electrophoresis of samples from the lateral head revealed three slow-migrating native myosin isoforms, including one that does not correspond to slow...

... of horse and steer muscles. Samples from several locomotor muscles were taken at slaughter from one horse and one steer, divided into two and prepared separately for the two techniques. It was found that there was no difference between the two methods in the values for the capillary-to-fibre ratio. Values...

...J.M. Ryan; M.A. Cobb; J.W. Hermanson Based on histochemical and immunohistochemical evidence, horse elbow extensor muscles are composed of two morphologically distinct muscle groups. The long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii are large, predominantly type II (presumed fast) muscles. The long...

...John W. Hermanson; Karyl J. Hurley The biceps brachii of horses is a complex muscle subdivided into two heads which may subserve distinct functions. The lateral head contains a large percentage of type I myofibers. This region is largely composed of short fibers (5–7 mm long) arranged in a pinnate...

...M.O. Jansen; A. van Buiten; A.J. van den Bogert; H.C. Schamhardt The in vivo strains of the musculus interosseus medius (suspensory ligament) and its rami extensorii (extensor branches) in the forelimb of the horse were determined from angular changes of the metacarpophalangeal and the distal...

...C.K. Argue; H.M. Clayton The object of this study was to determine the limb support sequence during the transitions from walk to trot and from trot to walk in dressage horses under saddle and to test the null hypothesis that the limb support sequence during the transitions is not related...

... analysis including calculations of markers displacements, distances and joint angles, velocities and accelerations. TrackEye was used to study effects of phenylbutazone on the fetlock and carpal joint angle movements in a horse with a mild lameness caused by osteo-arthritis in the fetlock joint...

...P. Benoit; E. Barrey; J.C. Regnault; J.L. Brochet The purpose of this study was to compare the damping effect of 16 types of shoeing by measuring hoof acceleration parameters on two trotting horses. At impact, maximal deceleration had extreme values such as 188 m/s 2 (± 55) for the most damping...

... of the polynomial by selective data reduction of the initial part of the load-elongation curve. The procedure results in an objective and reproducible definition of the zero strain level of a tendon. Horse Tendon Strain Original length Initial length A cta A n a t 1993;146:120-122 D .J. Riemersrna A .J...

... Locomotion Horse Acta Anat 1993:146:162-167 M.O. Jansen A.J. van den Bogen D.J. Riemersmu H. C. Schamhardt Biomechanics Research Group. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. University of Utrecht. The Netherlands In vivo Tendon Forces in the Forelimb of Ponies at the Walk, Validated by Ground Reaction Force...

...N.R. Deuel; J. Park Limb contact variables of the gallop of 3-day event horses were determined for competitors in the 1988 Seoul Summer Olympic Games. Horses were filmed during the steeplechase, phase B of the speed and endurance test on day 2 of competition. Two 16-mm high-speed cameras were aimed...

...H.M. Clayton This study was designed to test the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in selected temporal and linear stride variables of the extended canter in horses bred and trained for dressage or racing. Nine advanced-level dressage horses and 7 Thoroughbred racehorses were...

...’). Examples of ‘direct’ simulations of movements in the horse are presented. With a model of the equine hindlimb, the function of the ‘passive stay apparatus’ could be explained. A model of the forelimb was used to determine force distributions in the digital flexor tendons, and to experiment with various...

...F. Buchner; J. Kastner; D. Girtler; P.F. Knezevic The three-dimensional optoelectronic locomotion analysis system SELSPOT II was used for kinematic studies of hind limb locomotion patterns. Two groups, 11 sound horses and 15 horses suffering from hind limb lameness, were examined at the trot. Both...